The management and treatment of the horse in the stable, field, and ...

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240 The Management and Treatment of the Horse, both bones are alike on each leg ; feel carefully round between the joints of the upper and lower pastern, and if there is any enlargement no doubt there is a ring- bone forming. The hocks should be carefully ex- amined for " thorough-pin." Notice if the point of the hocks are swollen or what is called " capped," if they are look out for a kicker. See if there is any enlargement about half way down the hock on the hinder part of it, if there is he has a " curb," and it is sure he has weak hocks. Examine narrowly the inside of the hocks for bone spavin ; the writer has known some dealers point to a large bone spavin and say the animal had a fine bony hock. Descend to the feet and examine for grease, look out for sand-crack in the horny substance of the hoof; see that there is no canker separating the substance from the fleshy part of the foot. Look carefully under the heels of the shoes for a small stone ; if you find one, be sure the horse has been "beaned." This is done with a lame horse:—The bean is placed with a pair of pincers under the heel of the shoe of the sound foot; this causing the animal great pain makes it tread heavily on the lame foot, so that it has the appearance of being sound, whereas it is actually lame on both fore legs. A " beaned " horse has always a low action, and the dealers will say it is only a natural low gait of action. Disbelieve all their excuses, and err on the safe side by rejecting the purchase. Sweeping as my readers may think of this condemnation, it is unfortunately too true, that this class of men are not to be depended upon, and considering the risks that they themselves
In the Stable, Field, and on the Road. 241 are liable to, it is not to be wondered at. If the less show any signs of having been bandaged a well- grounded suspicion may be entertained that all is not right. Pay particular attention to the state of the animal's wind, for if the animal is touched in the wind he is sure to be " loaded " before going into a fair. Perhaps my readers may misunderstand the word " loaded." This is another trick of the unprincipled professional horse coper. When they have a horse broken-winded which they wish to sell, they generally contrive to get some one to make a " swop," i.e., exchange ; by doing so they steer clear of the law and the animal is not returnable. When they are about bringing the horse out of the stable they load him, this is done by making up a quarter of a pound of shot into a ball with soap, and putting it down the animal's throat. This loading is done to bear down the animal's stomach and give temporary relief to the animal's lungs, and many a poor man has found out next day that he has exchanged a useful horse and given several pounds to boot for an animal that is not worth fifty shillings. Another trick which is carried on to a considerable extent is the art of " bishoping." This is a trick which takes its name from an unprincipled dealer of olden times, who was supposed to be the first man who re- sorted to this piece of roguishness. Bishoping a horse is done by throwing a horse and putting a large wooden roller into its mouth while the operator files down its teeth ; then, with irons made for the purpose, he pro- ceeds to burn the centre of the teeth, making them resemble the natural marks in a young horse, so that a p
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