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THE LINGUISTICS STUDENT’S HANDBOOK 110
Table 18.1 continued
Term Area 1 Area 2
opposite of compact there is little standardisation; the
opposite of focused
domain phonology, morphology, sociolinguistics: a social situation
syntax: the places in the that calls forth particular linguistic
system where a particular
rule or process applies
behaviour
double articulation duality of structure phonetics: the circumstance where
a particular sound is made with
two equal strictures at different
places of articulation
dynamic phonetics: of a tone, morphology, syntax: of a
changing in pitch verb, denoting an action
emphatic phonetics: pharyngealised pragmatics: giving emphasis
empty morphology: having no syntax: having no form;
meaning unexpressed
expletive pragmatics: a swear-word syntax: an element seen as carrying
no meaning, a dummy word
falling phonetics: of pitch or tone, phonetics: of a diphthong, having
becoming lower the first element the more
prominent
formal meta-theory: based on form meta-theory: based on a
rather than on meaning
pragmatics: a relatively
explicit style used on
occasions of high prestige
mathematical system
formant morphology: sometimes phonetics: a band of energy in
used as equivalent of the spectrum of a sonorant
formative sound
free morphology: of a morph, syntax: of word order, in
with the potential to stand which the order of elements
alone as a word form is determined by pragmatic
and stylistic factors rather than
by strictly grammatical ones
phonology: of stress, not translation: determined by
constrained so as to fall on a the requirements of the target
particular syllable in the language rather than sticking
word
syntax: of a pronoun, not
bound in its construction
literally to the source language
gender morphology, syntax: a subdivision sociolinguistics: the social
of nouns on the basis of construction of an identity
prototypical reference to entities usually thought to correlate
having a particular sex with biological sex