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Language name Pashto �p�ʃtəυ
THE LINGUISTICS STUDENT’S HANDBOOK 320
Language name Papiamentu p�pj��mentu�.
p�pj��mentəυ
Autonym (if known and different)
Autonym (if known and different)
Language family Indo-European Iranian
Spoken in Afghanistan, Pakistan
Language family Iberian-based
creole
Approximate number of speakers 15m
Spoken in Netherlands Antilles, Aruba, Virgin Islands
Writing system Arabic
Approximate number of speakers 300k
Phonetics/phonology
Writing system Roman
Stress variable
Phonetics/phonology
Contains following rare retroflex; uvular
consonant (types)
Stress quantity-based
Said to have how many vowels? 6
Contains following rare
consonant (types)
Marked vowel types
Said to have how many vowels? 9�9 diphthongs
Tone none
Marked vowel types front rounded
Rhythm no information
Tone register
Vowel harmony none
Rhythm no information
Morphology fusional stem-based
Vowel harmony none
Particular formation types prefix; suffix
Morphology agglutinative word-based
Syntax
Word order SOV AN prepositions and
PossN postpositions
Particular formation types prefix; full reduplication; suffix; tone used morphologically
Particular syntactic phenomena gender; morphological aspect; conjugation classes
Syntax
Word order SVO NA prepositions
PossN
Points of interest
Sources Campbell (1991), Katzner (1977), MacKenzie (2003)
Particular syntactic phenomena
Points of interest
Sources Katzner (1977), Kouwenberg & Murray (1994)
Pascuense see Rapanui