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THE LINGUISTICS STUDENT’S HANDBOOK 136
ü
ö
Symbols with circles round them indicate rounded vowels.
Figure 21.1 Non-IPA symbol for vowels
c
There are far fewer vowel symbols to worry about. They are presented in
Figure 21.1. Note the generalisation that where an umlaut in IPA notation
means ‘centralised’ (i.e. moved closer to the centre line on the IPA vowel chart),
in non-IPA transcriptions it is used to mark a front vowel (following the use
made of it in the national spelling systems used for German, Swedish and
Finnish, for example). Note that here, as with the consonants in table 21.2, the
value of a given symbol may not be clear without some description of the
segment involved.
Stress is frequently marked with an acute accent for primary stress and a
grave accent for secondary stress: [sékəndèri].
References
Brink, Lars, Jørn Lund, Steffen Heger & J. Normann Jørgensen (1991). Den Store
Danske Udtaleordbog. København: Munksgaard.
IPA (1949). The Principles of the International Phonetic Association. London: IPA.
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U, �