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141 LETTERS, ACCENTS AND DIACRITICS
Table 23.2 Letters
Letter Name Value or use
ŋ agma, angma,
engma, eng
Usually used for a voiced velar nasal.
ß Eszett, beta-ess Used in some varieties of German as a symbol for a
double .
Æ æ ash, æsc A vowel intermediate between and . Used
thus in Old English, Danish, Norwegian, Icelandic.
� ð eth, edh Used for a voiced dental fricative, e.g. in Icelandic.
ə schwa, shwa Used as a phonetic symbol for an unrounded central
vowel; the name derives from Hebrew.
þ, þ thorn Used for a voiceless dental fricative, e.g. in Old
English.
j yod The name is used for the phonetic symbol for a voiced
palatal approximant.
ʒ � yogh Used in Old English for a voiceless palatal fricative.
ł l- crossed ‘l’, Polish In modern Polish pronounced [w], but derived
‘l’ historically from a dark [l].
Ø ø slashed o Used for a front rounded vowel, e.g. in Danish.
� � wyn Used in Old English for a [w].
References
Comrie, Bernard & Greville G. Corbett (eds) (1993). The Slavonic Languages.London
and New York: Routledge.
Pullum, Geoffrey K. & William A. Ladusaw (1986). Phonetic Symbol Guide. Chicago
and London: University of Chicago Press.
Ritter, R. M. (2002). The Oxford Guide to Style. Oxford: Oxford University Press.