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THE LINGUISTICS STUDENT’S HANDBOOK 216
Title of the journal article or chapter in a book
In most cases this should give no problems. For newspaper articles use the
headline as the title. If something does not have a title at all, it may be listed as
‘Untitled’.
Periodical title
On the whole this is a simple matter of copying from the volume in front of
you. There are a few potential snares, though.
The first is if there are two journals with very similar titles which you need
to distinguish. The main example of this in linguistics is Acta Linguistica,
which may be Acta Linguistica Hafniensia or Acta Linguistica Hungarica. If
there is doubt, put the city of publication in parentheses after the title: ‘Acta
Linguistica (Copenhagen)’.
The second point is that some writers abbreviate journal titles. There are
standard sets of abbreviations of journal titles which you should use if you
are going to do this (see e.g. Alkire 2001). It is good practice to spell out
all journal titles for ease of recognition by your reader, but some abbreviations
such as JL, Lang., EWW are common and easily interpretable. In a
thesis, give a list of any abbreviations you do use at the head of the reference
list.
Finally, there are so many newspapers called things like Daily News or
Chronicle that you will almost certainly have to specify the town or city that
such a paper comes from (and, if it is American, which state that city is in), even
if that information is not strictly part of the newspaper’s title. ‘Omak
(Washington) Chronicle’ has simply The Chronicle as its title.
Periodical volume number
The point here is to identify unambiguously the bit of the periodical a reader
should take down from the shelf to find the article you are referring to.
Different periodicals label themselves in different ways. We will look at three
possibilities.
The most common pattern is for a periodical to have a numbered volume
every year, frequently with several parts (or numbers) going together to make
up that volume. If this is the case you may cite the part for extra clarity, but
it is not necessary as long as the whole volume is paginated right through (so
that part 2 of volume 45 starts on page 156 rather than on page 1). If the numbering
restarts for every part, you must give the part number as well. There
are various notations for this: ‘24/3’, ‘24, 3’ or ‘24(3)’ meaning ‘part 3 of
volume 24’. Some people cite the part number in every reference in order to