Translation 2783

..... 280
zone, but the whalers also penetrated into Antarctic waters proper.
The first attempts to organize whaling in Antarctic waters were
made in-1851 on the Auckland Islands.
The real inauguration of Antarctic whaling dâ,tes from the
organization of the first coastal station on the island of South
Georgia in 190n-05. 'I )urin,; the following season (1905-06) a factoryship
was used. The nu:abers of coasta7. stations and whaling vessels
oypera tixijm, in Antarctic waters increased each season, equally ^,rith tho^,e
operatin.g off the coasts of South America, South Africa, Australia,
and elsewhere.
At first the whalers took hump-back whales, and
later blue whales and fin w',.-la:i.es.
,he beginni°:,; of modern whaling was marked in the 1925-26
season by the ^.in^ival in the Antarctic of the firs-6 Yorwe{;ian
Lancin€¢, with a ramp that made it possible to process
factory-ship
whale carcasses directly on the ship's deck. That innovation (the
invention of the ::ort•regian P. S6rlle) gave whalers wider possibi.l--
ities -- they beCan to j;o out in the open sea, whereas previ.ously
they had been obliFec!_ to keep near islands and they had needed calm
The highest
weather for treat ir_Y• l.,,T,n!le carcasses while afloat.
take of c-rhales in the Antarctic in all history was 46,039 (including
28,009 fin whales) in the 1937--30
31
season, when two coastal stations,
flotillas, and 256 i:;halir_^; ships were in oi;eration.
1}urine, the 1930's the largest factory-ships, with 12, 000 to
17,000 tons dis-Placement and crews of 60 to 70 sailors and technicians,
processed up to 30 blue whales or 45 fin whales with a, total
weight of up to 3, 000 tons in a da y, e__ tracting from them up to 500
-tons of oil. 121-e factor;;••-shi-ps o^}erating at the -Oresent day have
a disDle.cement two or three times as large as that of the pre-war
There has been a correspondii.g increase not only in the
ships.
canacity for processing whales but also in the possibility of ob--
ta.ining other products besides oil. L'uri ng the 1961-62 season,
for ins-.^a.nce, when there i,rere one coastal station, 21 flotillas,
and 269 ti•thalirig shifs operatirig in the Antarctic, they obtained
from 38,552 whales about 350,000 tons of oil, 179,000 tons of frozen
blubber, and -r>oritoneur.l, f1.8, 000 tons of meat-meal
1'2-•oilucts (..Zeat,
The
for aninal food, ant_ more ti_a.r_ 41,2,000 tons of other procl.ucts.
to be used more. rationellY : in r'L"1CLllar, a.
.^
rZ.^^'
matrri^ ^. bf._;^.:
nu^ntity of ^,:ua.le iiiie,^,.•t was prepa.ied for hu..ia.xi food.
153