Translation 2783

...:. 357
(I
ra' . rom 0,
The technology is somewhat different in the coastal factory at
to which slight].y-chilled khoroviny are brought.. The blubber
but not coT^^letely, by machines; a le.ye^. of blubber ap-proximately
1.5 to 2.0 cm ttiick is left on t-rie hides, and tr:,-n they
is r.enioved,
are
passed through a pressing--machine to squeeze out the remaining oil.
with sawdust, i-rhich absorbs the
The squeezed hides are put in a drum
last traces of oil. After being well shaken up in the drum t;.iey are
dry-salted.
A number of Soviet-made
through experimental industrial
anti-oxidants are at present being put
tests.
The scr_api-r_g-off of blubber is done by machine or by hand.
hand-scra-oing, a scraping-knife 400 mm long, with a round-ended blade
120 mm broad, is used on seal hides. The wooden handle is made so that
With
it extends along two-thirds of the blunt side of the blade, overlapping it.
For scraping the hides of Caspian seals and some species of Far Eastern
seals "Lithuanian scythes" are used, with blades 700 mm long and 80 mm
across at the broadest part; they have wooden handles at each end.
Ordinary fishing or hunting knives are used to cut blubber .off
sliees of flesh. Before the blubber is scraped off the hides, they are
spread out on spe.cial benches or blocks called navoi (l.iterally, weaver's
beams), with the fur side underneath. The navoi are made of squared
beams and boards of hardwood. Their size depends on the kind of material
being treated.
The navoi is inclined, with the higher side towards the operator.
Its height depends on his height. About one-third of the khorovina is
snread on the t•,orhing surface, the rest hanging freely over the upper
edge.
The blubber is scraned first from the head end of the hi de, and
thon the hid.e is turned round and, scraped from the cail end.
If the blubber is to be used in the manufac-ture of vitaminized
medicinal oil the scrauing is done in two operations. Pirst the upper
r:_
( soileci.) layer of blubber is reiaoved, and a.^ lerwa.rds the final scraping
takes -ol^ce.
For mechanical blubber-scraping one uses a hide-scra; ii.e machine
constructed on the base of a remodelled hide-scraper of P1M-2 type. The
e^ic
of t;:-^ :_llo:.•o -v- i.ria. is :;queczec, between a x•ubbor i:•oller -ar.c. a;:,rooved
roller, rri:ich can be ar.;justec_ verticall^r accorc: ii ; to 'clie thickness of
the blubber layer.
1i:sc rollers pass t:ie ^tihoroviiia to blades a.r_ranged