Translation 2783

V 2
I I!TTf O:UUCTI011
Marine maitl;:lal:s are ag-roun of animals adapted to life in an
aquatic environment. aotae of, them (0etn.cea, and oirenia) spend their
entire life in the water, while others (linnipeciia and sea otters)
spend part of the time on dry land or on ice.
It is. rec'rconed that at »resent 119 species of marine tr.^:autals,
including E31 species of Cetac'ea, 32 s»ecies of. i'inrli.heciia, 5 species
of ^;irenia, and one species of Carnivora live in the wox•ld'., oceans.
Marine mammals have long been hunted in many parts of the
Pacific Ocean. I)urinU the 18th and 19th centuries the developr.tent
of the whaling industry (mainly for riz,ht and sperut.whaleü) and of
hunting of fur seals and harhdcar seals was Coverned mainly by the
market for their products (chiefly oil and fur) and by the availability
of the animals for mass slaughter. ?-iuntin- by the natives.
of coastal districts was of a subsistence character, the . procïucts
being only for local needs ^food, clothine-,,, heat, light, etc.).
Seal and whale products are of (;rF:at importance even to--day.
For instance, in our national economy the hides of common and fur
seiJ,1S are used in the production of h1.gh-E;raC:e fur t;oO:a Û; ccal _^. :.1
is used for medical and technical purposes, and seal meat is used on
fur farms.
The blubber of baleen whales is used in the manufacture
of margarine, lard, fat-compounds, and otller products.; the flesh is
used as hit^-^an food and as animal food on fur farms, or is [,,round into
meal for feedinL livestock. In addition various i•thale products are
used in the cosmetic, perfume, steel--ma'cinE, metallur,;ica,l, texcile,
,and other industries.
From the late 1920' s to the early 10,60's 1•roi•ld-^,, ide whaling
produced 3E30,000-500,000 tons of i'-rhale oil annually. In recent years.
whale-oil production has shrunk to 200,000-250,000 tons, but there
has been a marked increase in the value of non-oil products frc:^:
baleen whales: frozen mea.t, liver, and peritoneum, concenl;x•atec: sou.ps,
and other products, I•rllich have two or t ltr(:e ti;ac':à the vr^ltre of hie
oi7.. 1'rol.^, a sin^;le blue whale unit (s ee pa,::e ) obtain
nroducts valued at 22,000 ruble s, not more tL,cc^ 2 5,, of 4/Ili,l1
is repre:>onted by l.he oi.l. ','hc;
vr;li.ic;L! IJ 100 I,r> 'I;'ia 11i.l1..i.u;t