DEVELOPMENTAL CRISIS IN EARLY ADULTHOOD: A ...

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Metacognition • You mentioned a couple of things. You said “you are not registering what is wrong, you are not getting beyond it”, then you said “I needed space to get out of it, and get out of my confusions”, and you said “I now have a clearer perspective on it”. They seem to relate to this notion of when you were there, not having a clear perspective on the situation. Is that the case? • Did it feel like your horizons constricted to the walls of KPMG? • You mentioned issues of exploring yourself. Has it been more exploratory since KPMG? Transformation • Briefly, the CAT, did you start that while were you still at KPMG? Do you consider that as instrumental in the process? • I have to say that in the interview last time when you said you went from this to cooking, I didn’t see that coming, that was a good surprise, because it is such as big decision. So where did that come from? • What were you hoping it might bring? • Again, in summary, what is it about academia that you prefer to your old life as a consultant? • Does it relate to either living for the present moment, against living for an aspired-to point in the future. Do you feel more present? Thank participant and give debrief form 239
Victoria – Interview 2 guide Pre-Crisis • So, firstly a little bit more about life in an Italian village. One thing you said was that “you are not free to do what you want to do, or to be what you want to be.” Could you tell me a little bit about that. • So in principle the pressure to conform is greater than it is here? • How do you find most people react to that pressure to conform? How would most people react to this pressure to conform? • Why do you see them as trapped? • And do you look back and consider that when you were there you didn’t grow psychologically? • Do you think that a situation where someone can’t grow psychologically, is that a good or bad situation? Persona and Control • OK, I am going to jump back again. You mentioned “yes I did feel controlled, not only by parents, but also by the society and the culture there”, so that’s quite clear. How do you think culture exerts control over people like you? • OK, back to Italy. You said at a certain point I realised “it wasn’t me”. It’s very interesting, because it comes up a lot in interviews. What does it mean? • So there are these two parts of you. How would you call these parts? • Now at the time when you were leaving Italy, if I could transport myself back in time and have a little chat with Vicky then, and I say to her can you describe yourself, how do you think she would have described herself then? • You said “it did feel like a façade…” when referring to life in Italy. I guess the question is what were you hiding behind the façade? • Why do you think you felt the need to hide it? • So is the façade the conformist self? • Certainly, in your story and many others, at the bottom of the story is the move from living a false life behind and façade to a life where one is being true to oneself and living according to one’s own wants and aspirations. That sort of development seems to be in the direction of what’s called authenticity, or a sense of being real or true to oneself. If the façade comes from society, where does the real self come from? • When you were there and you said “poor me…victim…” Where do you think this victim mentality came from? • When do you recall the first time that you started to take charge of your life? Do you recall any particular moment that you decided to become more assertive? • Do you think your level of assertiveness as opposed to victim mentality, do you think it grew over the crisis? • Did you manage to break free of your victim mentality as soon as you arrived? 240
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DEVELOPMENTAL CRISIS IN EARLY ADULT
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Acknowledgements I would like to th
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7 Study 2: Rescuing the Hijacked Se
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considered to be a constructive par
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models, psychodynamic theory, socia
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This literature review will act as
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stable structures, by the assimilat
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goal-directed sense, but there is a
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“Where such a Dream exists, we ar
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Table I. Caplan’s Four Phases of
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Table III. O’Connor and Wolfe’s
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“Having a crisis at the time is n
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1. Undergoing stressful experiences
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The store of self-knowledge provide
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has, according to Booker (2005), ev
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of which represents a more complex
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isolated set of me-facts but is dee
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terms. These kind of popularised th
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involves genuine integration of com
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Figure 5. Births within marriage an
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ecorded by the US Bureau of Labor S
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group data and statistical analysis
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cognitive dissonance theory on a si
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testing and theory-exemplification
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human agendas that shape knowledge.
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4. A Composite Qualitative Methodol
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thesis, and I shall later in this c
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Nonetheless it could also be argued
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IPA can employ any written data sou
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ecommended to use a homogenous samp
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Case summaries are another written
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similarities that bind clusters tog
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conclusions and findings in order t
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d) Resonance / Impact / Applicabili
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3. A consent form detailing the key
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Dear all, I am currently in the 1 s
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accurately restructure the events,
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for the whole gender, and then with
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Neil 30 IT manager N.A. Violet 36 A
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areas were covered spontaneously as
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indication of important development
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starting with female clusters and t
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6. Study 1 Results: An Emerging Cri
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This vignette is illustrative and i
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“By the time I moved into my own
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New vocational role In Phase 4, cri
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As Mary’s crisis emerges in her l
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Angela similarly learned to stand u
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university to do a degree in psycho
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of my building, heated through by i
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married with two children and was a
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acceptable.” (p.8). George was li
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“You know, I’d failed, it was t
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Phase 4 - Post-Crisis: Resolution A
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Phase 1 - Early Crisis: Constrictio
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In his early thirties, Leon finally
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Phase 1 - Early Crisis: Locked In A
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Phase 3 and 4: Exploration and Reso
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6.6 Summary of the 4-Phase Pattern
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can also subtly undermine personal
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George developed a party-guy person
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sense of self, but meanwhile the se
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process in order to help account fo
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Data Collection In order to gain su
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Brainstorm memo #2 - “Guy: proces
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Results 7.3 Summary of Key Events i
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“That’s a realisation looking b
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efore the crisis Guy had lost the f
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that were pushing upon me that this
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Guy relates this behaviour to his s
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“I’ve stopped allowing myself t
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ecause an over-riding life emphasis
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transformation and development, rat
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8. Study 3: Crisis, Persona and the
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Peer pressure Need for social acce
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At the time of the crisis, Frank wa
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Frank’s young Dream was to become
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sham or an act. This dissonant dysf
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the ranks. Nobody tells you that yo
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“What I often refer to is a dress
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Claire described the business world
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a cellar, it’s really suffocating
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environment, during which time she
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and is no longer so concerned with
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understanding early adult crisis. T
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it leads to a lack of inner-outer b
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they can be channelled to support a
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9. A Conjectural Model of Early Adu
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The motivation for entering into th
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Phase 2: Separation Life Situation:
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training programme, a philosophy de
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“But I am going for jobs for diff
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9.3 Eight Theoretical Precepts on C
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homogeneity. For Jung, the removal
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assertiveness, for to act in accord
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throughout, and while this may glos
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Page 197 and 198: “In order to make commitments to
Page 199 and 200: Interactive Model and Smith’s Int
Page 201 and 202: economic groups get married earlier
Page 203 and 204: The Participant Feedback Exercise Y
Page 205 and 206: Question 3 asked whether the model
Page 207 and 208: 10.9 Reflexive Considerations: The
Page 209 and 210: work that suggested crisis does occ
Page 211 and 212: may be of benefit to bring others i
Page 213 and 214: In sum, the current study provides
Page 215 and 216: References Ainsworth, M. (1967). In
Page 217 and 218: Cabrera, N.J., Tamis-LeMonda, C.S.,
Page 219 and 220: Festinger, L., Riecken, H.W. & Scha
Page 221 and 222: Hudson, W.C. (1978). Persona and De
Page 223 and 224: Lincoln, Y.S. & Guba, E.G. (1985).
Page 225 and 226: Polkinghorne, D.E. (1988). Narrativ
Page 227 and 228: Smith, J. (1991). Conceiving Selves
Page 229 and 230: Appendices 224
Page 231 and 232: SELF - process and structure • Wh
Page 233 and 234: “Dancing became absolutely phenom
Page 235 and 236: STUDY 3 - First Interview Schedule
Page 237 and 238: o How would you describe your new j
Page 239 and 240: Materialism • How do you think yo
Page 241 and 242: • Are you still as driven by mone
Page 243: Mark Interview 2 Schedule Pre-Crisi
Page 247 and 248: Claire - Interview 2 guide Pre-cris
Page 249 and 250: Lilly - Interview 2 Schedule Pre-Cr
Page 251 and 252: Information Sheet for Studies 1 and
Page 253 and 254: APPENDIX C School of Psychology Bir
Page 255 and 256: and so there was unused freedom. Lo
Page 257 and 258: 5/02/05 As the crisis progresses, G
Page 259 and 260: Violet memos 09.02.05 Once again we
Page 261 and 262: acceptance of genuine possibility,
Page 263 and 264: All these ladies and gents went bac
Page 265 and 266: accompany the post-partition state.
Page 267 and 268: lack of available time to pursue an
Page 269 and 270: Pragmatism and Pluralism properties
Page 271 and 272: Cyclical and iterative nature of re
Page 273 and 274: Gemma Interview 10 Case Summary Gem
Page 275 and 276: Coding Frame and Quotes 1. Backgrou
Page 277 and 278: were trying to crush it too.” 4
Page 279 and 280: 3d) Separation from old self 3e) Ne
Page 281 and 282: Rob kids Working as advertising exe
Page 283 and 284: Table XIX: Case Ordered Matrix of P
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