DEVELOPMENTAL CRISIS IN EARLY ADULTHOOD: A ...

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Gender and Femininity • You said you feel more feminine now than you used to (p.12). Can you explain in what ways you feel like this? • Lets do it another way round. In what ways before the crisis were you not able to express your femininity? • I am wondering if you can determine when during the crisis was the change in your sense of femininity. • You mentioned a growth in your feminine side since before the crisis. Have you experienced a balancing of your masculine and feminine sides? If so, how has that manifest? Materialism • Are you more or less materialistic since the crisis? Self-Reflection • Do you think at that time that you knew who were as a person? • Do you remember the exact moment where you thought right I’m going? • What did it feel like being away from your parents? • How long do you think it took to feel liberated from that sense of being controlled? • And then with regards to that, you said “I started to opening up to different things.” What sort of things did you open up to? • Well did you open up to new aspects of yourself? • That’s interesting you refer to it as “listening” to this real part of you. What do you have to listen out for? Transformation • Clearly your life changed a lot over the crisis, would you say that your personality has changed? • Since the crisis, do you feel more aware of your faults? • Do you feel more aware of your emotions? • Do you feel more aware of what you want out of life? • Do you know yourself better? • Do you see Vicky before and Vicky after as different people? • • p.12 – harmonious aspect – what mean? • Do you think that change is permanent? Do you think that you may go back to how you were? 241
Claire – Interview 2 guide Pre-crisis • Did you dream of what you wanted to be or do when you were a child? What about as a teenager? • Going into the business world, “It was about proving who was the strongest, its not about proving who is the wisest or the most considerate. Doing something that produces the required results no matter what the sacrifice to other people may or may not be, it’s not what I would call doing one’s best. It’s thuggery, beautifully groomed thuggery but nonetheless thuggery. I found that very tough, but I developed an artificial, hard-nosed personality as a result.” Why did you do it? Was it really only to pay for your children? There are lots of other ways to work. Were you hoping for success / prestige / praise? • Do you think that towards the end of the career in your twenties, when you were looking to leave your job and go back to spending time with your children. You said: “I felt exhausted. I felt lonely, depressed, when I gave myself time to think about it….Working 18-20 hours a day, and any free time I had was with the kids. The first period I held down two jobs, because I had no financial support from the children’s father. Um, and it was very, very tough. “ • Did you feel that there was no way out of this intense work life? • Do you think that period before the marriage was a mini-crisis in itself? • How do you think it relates to the marital crisis? Did one feed into the other? Marriage • When you started the marriage, and were spending more time at home, did it feel like you were making up for lost time? • You mentioned that when working you had to develop a “hard-nosed, masculine” façade. Did you find that when you left work, and went to be a mum at home, that façade left? Are you sure? Gender • How did this affect your sense of femininity, of being a woman? Persona and Gender • You talked about being “on show” all the time? • “your home is on show, your children are on show, and you’re on show.” • “The house was immaculate, the flowers were immaculate, the children were immaculate, you name it, I did it.” • Why was everything on show all the time? • Making the right impression? • Was it important to impress people? • Was it easy to relax? • What about the “superwoman complex” – was that designed to impress people? Was that a new façade? 242
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DEVELOPMENTAL CRISIS IN EARLY ADULT
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Acknowledgements I would like to th
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7 Study 2: Rescuing the Hijacked Se
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considered to be a constructive par
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models, psychodynamic theory, socia
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This literature review will act as
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stable structures, by the assimilat
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goal-directed sense, but there is a
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“Where such a Dream exists, we ar
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Table I. Caplan’s Four Phases of
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Table III. O’Connor and Wolfe’s
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“Having a crisis at the time is n
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1. Undergoing stressful experiences
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The store of self-knowledge provide
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has, according to Booker (2005), ev
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of which represents a more complex
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isolated set of me-facts but is dee
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terms. These kind of popularised th
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involves genuine integration of com
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Figure 5. Births within marriage an
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ecorded by the US Bureau of Labor S
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group data and statistical analysis
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cognitive dissonance theory on a si
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testing and theory-exemplification
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human agendas that shape knowledge.
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4. A Composite Qualitative Methodol
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thesis, and I shall later in this c
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Nonetheless it could also be argued
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IPA can employ any written data sou
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ecommended to use a homogenous samp
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Case summaries are another written
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similarities that bind clusters tog
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conclusions and findings in order t
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d) Resonance / Impact / Applicabili
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3. A consent form detailing the key
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Dear all, I am currently in the 1 s
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accurately restructure the events,
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for the whole gender, and then with
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Neil 30 IT manager N.A. Violet 36 A
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areas were covered spontaneously as
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indication of important development
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starting with female clusters and t
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6. Study 1 Results: An Emerging Cri
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This vignette is illustrative and i
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“By the time I moved into my own
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New vocational role In Phase 4, cri
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As Mary’s crisis emerges in her l
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Angela similarly learned to stand u
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university to do a degree in psycho
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of my building, heated through by i
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married with two children and was a
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acceptable.” (p.8). George was li
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“You know, I’d failed, it was t
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Phase 4 - Post-Crisis: Resolution A
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Phase 1 - Early Crisis: Constrictio
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In his early thirties, Leon finally
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Phase 1 - Early Crisis: Locked In A
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Phase 3 and 4: Exploration and Reso
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6.6 Summary of the 4-Phase Pattern
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can also subtly undermine personal
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George developed a party-guy person
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sense of self, but meanwhile the se
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process in order to help account fo
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Data Collection In order to gain su
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Brainstorm memo #2 - “Guy: proces
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Results 7.3 Summary of Key Events i
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“That’s a realisation looking b
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efore the crisis Guy had lost the f
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that were pushing upon me that this
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Guy relates this behaviour to his s
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“I’ve stopped allowing myself t
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ecause an over-riding life emphasis
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transformation and development, rat
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8. Study 3: Crisis, Persona and the
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Peer pressure Need for social acce
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At the time of the crisis, Frank wa
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Frank’s young Dream was to become
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sham or an act. This dissonant dysf
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the ranks. Nobody tells you that yo
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“What I often refer to is a dress
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Claire described the business world
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a cellar, it’s really suffocating
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environment, during which time she
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and is no longer so concerned with
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understanding early adult crisis. T
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it leads to a lack of inner-outer b
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they can be channelled to support a
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9. A Conjectural Model of Early Adu
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The motivation for entering into th
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Phase 2: Separation Life Situation:
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training programme, a philosophy de
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“But I am going for jobs for diff
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9.3 Eight Theoretical Precepts on C
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homogeneity. For Jung, the removal
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assertiveness, for to act in accord
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throughout, and while this may glos
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lifespan and the context of relatio
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Page 197 and 198: “In order to make commitments to
Page 199 and 200: Interactive Model and Smith’s Int
Page 201 and 202: economic groups get married earlier
Page 203 and 204: The Participant Feedback Exercise Y
Page 205 and 206: Question 3 asked whether the model
Page 207 and 208: 10.9 Reflexive Considerations: The
Page 209 and 210: work that suggested crisis does occ
Page 211 and 212: may be of benefit to bring others i
Page 213 and 214: In sum, the current study provides
Page 215 and 216: References Ainsworth, M. (1967). In
Page 217 and 218: Cabrera, N.J., Tamis-LeMonda, C.S.,
Page 219 and 220: Festinger, L., Riecken, H.W. & Scha
Page 221 and 222: Hudson, W.C. (1978). Persona and De
Page 223 and 224: Lincoln, Y.S. & Guba, E.G. (1985).
Page 225 and 226: Polkinghorne, D.E. (1988). Narrativ
Page 227 and 228: Smith, J. (1991). Conceiving Selves
Page 229 and 230: Appendices 224
Page 231 and 232: SELF - process and structure • Wh
Page 233 and 234: “Dancing became absolutely phenom
Page 235 and 236: STUDY 3 - First Interview Schedule
Page 237 and 238: o How would you describe your new j
Page 239 and 240: Materialism • How do you think yo
Page 241 and 242: • Are you still as driven by mone
Page 243 and 244: Mark Interview 2 Schedule Pre-Crisi
Page 245: Victoria - Interview 2 guide Pre-Cr
Page 249 and 250: Lilly - Interview 2 Schedule Pre-Cr
Page 251 and 252: Information Sheet for Studies 1 and
Page 253 and 254: APPENDIX C School of Psychology Bir
Page 255 and 256: and so there was unused freedom. Lo
Page 257 and 258: 5/02/05 As the crisis progresses, G
Page 259 and 260: Violet memos 09.02.05 Once again we
Page 261 and 262: acceptance of genuine possibility,
Page 263 and 264: All these ladies and gents went bac
Page 265 and 266: accompany the post-partition state.
Page 267 and 268: lack of available time to pursue an
Page 269 and 270: Pragmatism and Pluralism properties
Page 271 and 272: Cyclical and iterative nature of re
Page 273 and 274: Gemma Interview 10 Case Summary Gem
Page 275 and 276: Coding Frame and Quotes 1. Backgrou
Page 277 and 278: were trying to crush it too.” 4
Page 279 and 280: 3d) Separation from old self 3e) Ne
Page 281 and 282: Rob kids Working as advertising exe
Page 283 and 284: Table XIX: Case Ordered Matrix of P
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