North Korean Policy Elites - Defense Technical Information Center

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1. Chang Song-taek 5. Chi Chae-ryong 9. Yi Ha-il 2. Yi Yong-chol 6. Pak Song-bong 10. O Kuk-ryul 3. Chung Ha-chol 7. Ju Kyu-chang 11. Kim Ik-Hyun 4. Choi Chun-hwang 8. Kang Suk-ju Chart II-4: Central Military Commission 35 30 Number of Guidance Inspections 25 20 15 10 5 2000 2001 2002 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Members 1.Yi Ul-sol 6. Cho Myung-nok 11.O Yong-bang 2. Paek Hak-nim 7. Kim Yong-chun 12. Kim Myung-kuk 3. Yi Yong-mu 8. Kim Il-chol 13. Yi Yong-chul 4. Kim Ik-hyun 9. Yi Ha-il 5. Yi Du-ik 10. Pak ki-so Chart II-5: National <strong>Defense</strong> Commission 30 25 Number of Guidance Inspections 20 15 10 5 2000 2001 2002 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 II-16
Members 1. Yi Ul-sul 4. Yi Yong-mu 7. Kim Il-chul 2. Paek Hak-nim 5. Cho Myong-nok 8. Chon Pyong-ho 3. Kim Chul-man 6. Kim Yong-chun 9. Yon Hyong-muk Chart II-6: Military Institutions Number of Guidance Inspections 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 2000 2001 2002 Members 1. Hyun Chul-hae 7. Chon Chae-sun 2. Pak Chae-kyung 8. Chang Song-u 3. Yi Mung-su 9. Kim Myung-kuk 4. Won Ung-hui 10. O Kum-chul 5. Kim Ki-sun 11. Kim Yun-sim 6. Kim Ha-kyu Access Influence is now measured not so much by blood ties or position, but by other factors. In the early part of the Kim Chong-il regime, access was a measure of influence. Access was concentrated in the KWP Secretariat and CC apparatus. Most, if not all, party secretaries were able to directly report to Kim Chong-il regarding policy-making. 15 They included Kye Ung-tae, Chon Pyong-ho, Han Song-yong, Cho Tae-pok, Kim Ki-nam, Kim Kuk-tae, Hwang Chang-yop (defected), and Kim Yong-sun (died). By 1998, under the institution of the quasi-wartime management system, the nature of influence was transformed. Access to the supreme leader has 15 This is the general consensus of the Pyongyang watchers I interviewed. II-17
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INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES Nort
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INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES IDA
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CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY & INTROD
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To write accurately about North Kor
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technocrats, provincial and county
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PREFACE This paper will examine in
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ABBREVIATIONS AGI CCSKA COMSEC DoD
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information streams, and from him t
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within the hands of a few individua
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and whether or not he will embarras
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to the lowest-levels of the KPA. As
Page 32 and 33: strengthening of all armed forces,
Page 34 and 35: esearch institutes and “think tan
Page 36 and 37: The primary missions of the Reconna
Page 38 and 39: communication that generally fall o
Page 40 and 41: of the State Security Department or
Page 42 and 43: maintaining strict control over the
Page 44 and 45: agencies in the ROK and Japan began
Page 46 and 47: The Guard and Security Commands, wh
Page 48 and 49: eports that are funneled up through
Page 50 and 51: Complicating the entire “Kim-cent
Page 52 and 53: Within the military, this dynamic c
Page 54 and 55: him that all significant orders and
Page 56 and 57: Until the 1990s, the electronic med
Page 59: II. THE NORTH KOREAN LEADERSHIP: SY
Page 62 and 63: TABLES 1. Key Family Members in the
Page 64 and 65: The factional struggles in North Ko
Page 67 and 68: A. INTRODUCTION By definition, a to
Page 69 and 70: C. THE TECHNOLOGY OF POWER A Party
Page 71 and 72: document control bureaus in each mi
Page 73 and 74: Originally implemented in 1994 and
Page 75 and 76: Table II-1. Key Family Members in t
Page 77 and 78: of associates who trace their relat
Page 79 and 80: September 9, 2003, showed a change
Page 81: Chart II-2: Secretariat 5. Kye Ung-
Page 85 and 86: Table II-6. Kim Chong-il’s Princi
Page 87 and 88: Table II-7. Kim Chong-il’s Person
Page 89 and 90: chance to unfold. In terms of syste
Page 91 and 92: domestic policy arena, the split is
Page 93 and 94: At the second echelon of power, Kim
Page 95 and 96: D. FLOW OF INFORMATION George Kenna
Page 97 and 98: about things that affect their care
Page 99 and 100: (ID) and External Liaison (ELD) dep
Page 101 and 102: For the rest of the North Korean le
Page 103 and 104: the focus for not only a significan
Page 105 and 106: At the 11 th Supreme People’s Ass
Page 107 and 108: There is little doubt that one of t
Page 109 and 110: decision-making process. Moreover,
Page 111: III. THE WELL-INFORMED CADRE RALPH
Page 115 and 116: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY DEFINITIONS AND A
Page 117: greater access to first-hand inform
Page 120 and 121: The first question addressed by thi
Page 122 and 123: But this lack of enthusiasm is prob
Page 124 and 125: as the 1950s. 16 The security organ
Page 126 and 127: Another way to look at divisions wi
Page 128 and 129: Because the Kim regime governs acco
Page 130 and 131: guess is that anyone who rises in t
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But even though the media serve as
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Newspapers The DPRK’s premier new
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motivation in its readers through m
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Page 2: • Kim Jong-suk’s develo
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This selection of news items presen
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in the wake of the U.S. propaganda
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the general audience in a two-step
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also countries surrounding the Kore
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that the war in Iraq was “a test
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and transform us internally through
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eceived with little thought and has
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outside world than the ordinary wor
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cognitive dissonance, particular ca
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IV. INSIDE NORTH KOREA’S BLACK BO
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The North Korean
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A. BETTER, MERRIER, MORE HOPEFUL LI
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In contrast, the optimists believe
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to the throne. The State Council us
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1976-1977, 4 and in 1986-1987 (see
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Bulgarian Trade Unions, after which
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Second, the principal objective of
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southward expansion, and, last but
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controlling some of North Korea’s
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also against the second-tier family
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Kim Sung-ae, who is Kim Il Sung’s
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“National Security Establishment
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October 1980. Many of them (Yon Hyo
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severe draught in 1988 and the dram
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The advent of the “Songun Era”
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IV-30
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Bearing in mind Kim Jong Il’s rec
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Table IV-2. Composition of the Nort
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Cabinet Posts 10 th SPA 11 th SPA R
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Eastern Europe. That was reportedly
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Table IV-5. Leading Ideologues Insi
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Table IV-7. Regional Origins of Top
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“Foreign Wind” The “foreign w
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Table IV-10. Some of the Most Influ
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Table IV-11. The North-South “Han
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Song Sok Hwan Vice-Minister Cha Sun
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Table IV-13. Korean-American “Int
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content and government monitoring.
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Northern security, military, and pa
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APPENDIX B TONGIL STREET FREE MARKE
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V. REACHING INTO NORTH KOREA DAVID
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY North Korea is no
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message right to Kim Jong-il, and m
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isk escape from the hermit kingdom.
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Society is divided into three broad
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contradictions.” 17 This makes se
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Internet is not specifically mentio
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led to a training program for young
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North Korea’s exports from legiti
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een the biggest buyers of ivory ove
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worker who travels throughout North
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If we want to reach into North Kore
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conversations with the correct mix
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Although the future of cellular tel
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There are a host of other things on
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Each of the five papers in this col
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promotions) and punishments (e.g.,
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although presumably all calls are m
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cultural rules.” Given the “str
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Speaking of Kim, whom does he consu
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Terms of Reference: North Korean Po
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Joseph S. Bermudez Jr. is an intern
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APPENDIX C ASIAN VIEWS OF NORTH KOR
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In any case, the reforms provide a
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View from Seoul The single most imp
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