12th International Symposium on District Heating and Cooling

The <strong>12th</strong> <strong>International</strong> <strong>Symposium</strong> on District Heating and Cooling,September 5 th to September 7 th , 2010, Tallinn, EstoniaDue to fact that summer period soil temperature in1,5 m depth is 10 o C it is not necessary to insulate thereturn pipe of the district cooling network. Supply pipeis insulated with 10 cm nowadays heat insulationmaterial.The cooling plant shall have three operational modes:Free-cooling;Pre-cooling + compressor cooling;Compressor cooling.Optimization of the proposed system should be carriedout in further studies.REFERENCES[1] Vadrot, A. and Delbes, J, (1999). District CoolingHandbook a Survey of Techniques, equipment andChoice of System. European market Group.Number of pages 208.[2] Feldhusen. H, Francesc. M. R, (2001). "DistrictCooling-Present Market Assessment," Master,Kungl Tekniska Högskola, Stockholm division ofApplied Thermodynamics and Refrigeration. pp 52.Stockholm.Fig. 4 District cooling network tempCONCLUSIONThe sea water (SW) district cooling has until year 2000quite modestly developed among different countriesaround the World. Due to the fact that energy priceshave raised rapidly more and more researches for freeenergy resources are carried out. Wind power, heatpumps, solar energy and sea water have obtainedhuge attention.SW district cooling is centralized and will haveadvantages like less pollution, less maintenanceproblems and in perspective also economic benefits.Current feasibility analysis was done in Tallinn costalarea to define possible cooling plant load, potentialconsumers and technical possibilities.Due low costal area it is possible to locate the coolingplant near to sea water. Further studies should addsome more economic aspects to the technical solution.Problematic is to develop the district cooling network inTallinn area (existing tunnels and subways will easethe process).Most of the new built or renovated public buildingshave high cooling demand due to glass walls and highinternal heat loads. In present research 21 buildingswith only public area were included (total coolingdemand 19,2 MW). The cooling demand risesconsiderably when ambient air temperature exceeds16 o C. Sea water temperature 5 o C can be found indepth of 35–40 m.[3] Euroheat and Power, (2003). District Heat inEurope Country by Country/2003 Survey. BrusselBelgium.[4] Mildenstein, B. S. P, (1999). District Heating andCooling Connection Handbook.[5] Gosney. W.B, (1982). Principles of Refrigeration.Cambringe University Press. Published by thepress syndicate of the University of Cambridge.[6] Westin, P. E. H., (1999). Production Technologiesin District Cooling Systems and the Importance ofLocal Factors. New Energy Systems andConversion-NESC 99.). pp 6.Osaka.[7] Westin, P. E. H., Karlson, B., and Lundqvist, P,(1999). Straategies and Methods For Increasingthe Capacity of District Cooling Systems.20th<strong>International</strong> Conferenss of Refrigeration, IIR/IIF.).pp 1-8. Sydney.[8] Nordell, B., and Skogsberg, K, (2002). Snow andice storage for cooling applications.Winter Cities2002.Japan Aomori. Luleå University ofTechnology[9] Eliadis, C, (2003). Deep Lake Water Cooling ARenewable Technology. Number of pages 3.[10] Morris, A.P, (1995). The Road to Lockport:Historical Background of District Heating andCooling. Ashrae Transactions: Symposia.[11] Arvidson, J, Asplund, A-L, Birgerrson, E, (1997),Cold production uning low temperature wasteheat,. Kungl tekniska högskolan Kemiskapparatteknik. Pp 54, Stockholm156