12th International Symposium on District Heating and Cooling

The <strong>12th</strong> <strong>International</strong> <strong>Symposium</strong> on District Heating and Cooling,September 5 th to September 7 th , 2010, Tallinn, Estoniayielding heat, electricity and pyrolysis slurry. It verylikely can also be extended to other possible biorefineryproducts as long as those are ―energy‖ products. Thisexpansion option could be implemented into thestandard.However the most difficult question remains how thePEF of other, less common co-products should bedetermined. In the case of pyrolysis slurry it is notpossible to find good average production efficienciessince the technology is not yet on the market. But, howis co-generation of cooling evaluated?In general it can be said that the implementation of theprocess will be strongly dependant on investment costand on the market value of the product. The productvalue is currently difficult to predict and also its futureprice development will be strongly dependant on theuse of biomass in the future.Summarising it can be said that even though manyquestions still need to be answered, this works showsclearly that the integration of communal CHP plantswith wood pyrolysis is beneficial concerning theconnected DHN‘s PEF and CO 2 emission coefficient.Vice versa it also shows that CHP plants can play animportant role in the sustainable bio-refineries of thefuture.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis work is part of the Primary Energy Efficiencyproject of Nordic Energy Research.The funding of the Graduate School of Energy Scienceand Technology (EST) is gratefully acknowledged.REFERENCES[1] Kohl, T., Järvinen, M., Fogelholm, C.J.,―Gasification and biorefinery in combined heat andpower plants‖, Proceedings of the 11th<strong>International</strong> <strong>Symposium</strong> on District Heating andCooling, Reykjavik, Iceland, 2008[2] EN 15603:2008, ―Energy performance of buildings.Overall energy use and definition of energyratings‖, European Committee for Standardization,CEN, Brussels.[3] EN 15316-4-5:2007, ―Heating systems in buildings.Method for calculation of system energyrequirements and system efficiencies. Part 4-5:Space heating systems, the performance andquality of district heating and large volumeSystems‖, European Committee forStandardization, CEN, Brussels, 2007[4] Savola, T., ―Modelling biomass-fuelled small-scaleCHP plants for process synthesis optimisation‖,Doctoral Dissertation, Helsinki University ofTechnology, Espoo 2007[5] Bridgwater, A.V., 2000, Fast pyrolysis processesfor biomass, Renewable and Sustainable EnergyRev., 4(1), pp. 1-73.[6] Henrich, E., 2007, ―The status of the FZK conceptof biomass gasification‖, 2nd European SummerSchool on Renewable Motor Fuels, Warsaw.[7] Daugaard, D., Brown, R., ―Enthalpy for Pyrolysisfor Several Types of Biomass‖, Energy & Fuels2003, 17, 934-939[8] http://www.ecn.nl/phyllis: PHYLLIS is a serviceprovided by the Energy Research Centre of theNetherlands – ECN, 17.9.2009 [selectedsubgroups: untreated wood birch andfir/pine/spruce].[9] Brammer, J., Bridgwater, A., ―Drying Technologiesfor an integrated gasification bio-energy plant‖,Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 3(1999) 243-289[10] Dones, R. et al, 2004, Life Cycle Inventories ofEnergy Systems: Results for Current Systems inSwitzerland and other UCTE Countries, ecoinventreport No. 5, Paul Scherrer Institute Villigen, SwissCentre for Life Cycle Inventories, Dübendorf, CH,p.170.[11] N.N., press release onhttp://www.metso.com/news/newsdocuments.nsf/web3newsdoc/C89A8AC3F77ABD29C22575CF003111F5?OpenDocument&ch=ChMetsoWebEng[12] H. Lund, F. Hvelplund, I. Kass, E. Dukalskis, D.Blumberga, ―District heating and market economyin Latvia‖, Energy, 1999, Vol. 24, pp. 549-559.[13] H. C. Park, M. Chung, S. H. Kim, ―Development ofsystem simulator for community energy system‖,Report to Ministry of Industry, 2003.[14] Y. H. Im, H. C. Park, M. Chung, ―A study of optimalheating supply systems for the newly developingarea in the vicinity of DHC system supplying area‖,Report to Korea District Heating Corporation, 2006[15] Y. H. Im, M. Chung, H. C. Park, ―Feasibility studyfor small size cogeneration systems in themetropolitan areas of Seoul‖, Final Report to SH(Seoul Housing) Corporation, 2008.[16] M. Chung, H. C. Park, ―Development of a energydemand estimator for community energy systems‖,Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society, 2009,Vol 29, pp. 37-44.175