12th International Symposium on District Heating and Cooling

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The <strong>12th</strong> <strong>International</strong> <strong>Symposium</strong> on District Heating and Cooling,September 5 th to September 7 th , 2010, Tallinn, EstoniaModelling of a system gives one side of the truth, asdoes interviewing the actors involved. When combiningthe methods there is a possibility of getting a better anddeeper understanding of the actual potential forcooperation. The historical and social aspects cannotbe neglected; they can in many cases explain whypotentially beneficial cooperation is or is not done,while modelling can show the actual potential.7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis article has been carried out in two PhD projects inthe Energy System Program, financed by the SwedishEnergy Agency. The authors would also like to thankJenny Palm (Linköping University) and Louise Trygg(Linköping University) for valuable comments on thepaper.8. REFERENCES[1] Statens energimyndighet (Swedish EnergyAgency), Energy in Sweden 2009. SwedishNational Energy Administration, ET 2009:30,Eskilstuna, Sweden (2009)[2] S. Werner, Fjärrvärmens utbredning och utveckling(The development and expansion of districtheating), Värmeföreningen, Stockholm (1989)[3] European Union, Directive 2004/8/EC, ‗Directive onthe promotion of cogeneration based on a usefulheat demand in the internal energy market‘,(2010), homepage:http://www.managenergy.net/products/R81.htm,2010-04-28[4] European Union, , Directive 96/92/EC ‗Secondreport to the Council and the European Parliamenton harmonisation requirements concerningcommon rules for the internal market in electricity‘,(2010), homepage:http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32003L0054:EN:NOT , 2010-04-28[5] B. Dahlroth, Öppnade fjärrvärmenät iStorstockholm (Open district heating network ingreater Stockholm), Stockholm, Sweden:Fastighetsägarna Stockholm, (2009)[6] D. Henning, Optimisation of Local and NationalEnergy Systems. Development and use of theMODEST model. Dissertation No. 559. Linköpingsuniversitet, Linköping (1999)[7] S. Kvale and S. Brinkmann, Den kvalitativaforskningsintervjun (The qualitative researchinterview), Studentlitteratur, Lund (2009)[8] Nordpool. Nordpool electricity spot market, (2009),homepage: http://www. nordpool.com. 2009-12-18.[9] M. Melkerson and S-O. Söderberg, Dynamiskaelpriser – elprissättning på en integrerad europeiskelmarknad (Dynamic electricity prices – pricing inan integrated European electricity market – inSwedish), Sweden: Institute of Technology, Dept ofMech Eng, Linköping University, Linköping (2004)[10] N. Levinson and R. Freiman, Optimal kraftvärmeoch nätinvestering I Stockholms fjärrvärmesystem(Optimal CHP and district heating networkinvestments in Stockholm), Linköping University,Linköping (2005)[11] Statens energimyndighet (Swedish EnergyAgency). ‗Marginal elproduktion och CO 2 -utsläpp iSverige‘ (Marginal electricity production and CO 2 -emissions in Sweden, in Swedish), SwedishNational Energy Administration, ER 14:2002,Eskilstuna, Sweden. (2002)[12] E. Dotzauer, Greenhouse gas emissions frompower generation and consumption in a nordicperspective, Energy Policy 2010, Vol. 38(2), pp.701-704.[13] H. Hansson, S-E. Larsson, O. Nyström, F. Olssonand B. Ridell, El från nya anläggningar (ElectricPower from New Plants), Elforsk, Stockholm(2007)[14] M. Danestig, A. Gebremehdin and B. Karlsson,Stockholms CHP potential – An opportunity forCO 2 reductions? Energy Policy 2007, Vol. 35(9),pp. 4650-4660.[15] P. Thollander and I-L. Svensson, ‖Vägen tillframgångsrika värmesamarbeten – en fallstudie‖(Road to succesful heating co-operations – a casestudy), In: L. Trygg, L. et al (2009) optimalafjärrvärmesystemi symbios med industri ochsamhälle, Rapport 2009:13, Svensk fjärrvärme(Swedish district heating association) (2009)[16] J. Fors, ‖Spillvärme från industri till fjärrvärmenät –sammanfattning av intervjuer på 5 orter‖, (Excessheat from industry to district heating systems)Rapport 2004:5, Svensk fjärrvärme (Swedishdistrict heating association) (2004)[17] S. Grönkvist and S. Sandberg, ―Driving forces andobstacles with regard to co-operationbetweenmunicipal energy companies and processindustries in Sweden‖, Energy Policy 2006, Vol. 34,pp. 1508–1519.[18] T.P. Hughes, Networks of Power: Electrification inWestern Society 1880 – 1930, John HopkinsUniversity Press, Baltimore (1983)[19] B. Joerges, Large Technical Systems: Conceptsand issues, In: R. Mayntz and T.P. Hughes, The295
The <strong>12th</strong> <strong>International</strong> <strong>Symposium</strong> on District Heating and Cooling,September 5 th to September 7 th , 2010, Tallinn, EstoniaDevelopment of Large Technical Systems,Campus Verlag, Frankfurt (1988)[20] J. Summerton, Changing Large TechnicalSystems, Westview Press, Boulder, CO (1994)[21] SCB (Statistics Sweden). Utsläpp av växhusgaser,(2010), homepage:http://www. scb.se. 2010-02-17.[22] Söderenergi, Production manager, 090318[23] Fortum, Site manager and Senior advisor, 090325[24] Norrenergi, Production manager, 030304[25] E.ON., Group manager production, 090323[26] STOSEB, STOSEB 92 – Energiframtider förStockholms län (STOSEB 92 – Energy futures forStockholms County), STOSEB, Stockholm (1992)[27] Fortum & Stadsbyggnadskontoret, Möjlighetsstudie:Nätintegration Storstockholm, (Possibilitystudy: Netintegration in greater Stockholm) Fortum& Stadsbyggnadskontoret, Stockholm (2005)[28] Vattenfall, Head of business development andSenior advisor, 090320[29] STOSEB, 25 Energiska år – Om Stor-StockholmsEnergi AB (25 Energic years – about greaterStockholms Energy AB), STOSEB: Stockholm,(2003)296
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the street the more shallow the sha
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P-1P-4P-9P-7E-5P-14P-8The 1
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to heating costs of 14,5 ct/kWh. Th
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academic access is facilitated as t
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1. CHP system operation in A2. Ther
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is covered by operating HOB. In oth
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produce heat and electricity. Fluct
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To assure that the temperatures mea
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production and provide for marginal
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In addition, it can also be observe
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12th International Symposium on District Heating and Cooling

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