Section 17: Nitrate12. Remove the Cal Cup, discard the first solution, rinse the Cal Cupand the front end of the instrument with clean water, followed bya rinse in the next calibration solution, refill the Cal Cup with thesecond solution, and attach it to the instrument.TIP: The used calibration solution may be flushed down thedrain with running water, or saved in a separate containerand used as a rinse the next time you calibrate with thesame solution.13. Select Run to begin the stabilization for cal point 2. Status indicatorsand controls are the same as for cal point 1 (step 10).Again wait for Stable status (or click Accept when Nominal isindicated).If doing a two-point calibration, go to step 16.14. For the third calibration point, use the cal point 1 or cal point 2solution (as specified in step 8) but change the temperature by atleast 10°C. A convenient way to do this is to move the probe—CalCup and all—into a temperature-controlled bath or container ofice. Allow time for the sensor to reach thermal equilibration withthe solution temperature. With stirring or agitation, this should takeabout 10 minutes, perhaps up to 30 minutes if left undisturbed.15. When the temperature is stable, select Run for cal point 3.When Nominal is accepted or Stable is indicated for cal point 3,the final screen is displayed.16. The final screen of the Calibration Wizard shows the sensorslope and offset calculated during the calibration process. For athree-point bithermal calibration, the calculated isopotential pointis shown. If a single-point calibration has been performed, theisopotential point is the one calculated during the last three-pointbithermal calibration.17. Select Finish to program the sensor with the newly calculatedcalibration coefficients.The nitrate sensor is now calibrated and ready to use.TIP: You can look at the calibration report right aftercalibrating, or at any time. See “Calibration History” inSection 10 for details.Options for storing sensors:The sensor should calibrated immediately before use. If storage isnecessary, remove the sensor from the instrument and immerse in 14ppm N solution, for later use in the low nitrate range, or 140 ppm Nsolution, for use in the high range.Sensor Slope and OffsetThe expected slope for a new sensor is about 57 (± 2) mV per decadeof concentration (ppm). The calibration curve begins to deviate fromlinear at about 10 ppm. The sensor’s zero offset is recalculated witheach single-point calibration.Units and Calculated MeasurementsNitrate ion concentration is reported in ppm (equivalent to mg/L). Nocalculated measurements are available.Usage Recommendations and CautionsNitrate SensorOperating TemperaturePressure RatingpH range 2.5 to 11-5°C to 40°C (23°F to104°F) continuoustemperature; can tolerate up to 50°C(122°F) intermittently20 psi (14 m, 46 ft)Do not submerge the nitrate sensor deeper than 46 ft(14 m).TemperatureThe higher the temperature, the shorter the lifetime of the electrode.1°C difference in temperature causes a 2% error at 10 ppm, unless abithermal calibration is performed.17<strong>TROLL</strong> <strong>9500</strong> Operator’s <strong>Manual</strong> 1190095110 rev. 007 01/09
Section 17: NitratePotential InterferencesThe following table shows concentrations of possible interfering ionsthat cause 10% error at various levels of NO 3 – .Ion 100 ppm NO 3–10 ppm NO 3–1 ppm NO 3–ClO–40.01 0.001 0.0001I – 0.5 0.05 0.005ClO–35 0.5 0.05CN – 10 1 0.1Br – 70 7 0.7NO–270 7 0.7HS – 100 10 1HCO–31000 100 10CO2–32000 200 20Cl – 3000 300 30H 2PO–45000 500 50HPO 42–5000 500 50PO3–45000 500 50AcO – 20,000 2000 200F – 60,000 6000 600SO2–4100,000 10,000 1000Sensor Care and HandlingSensor RemovalPosition the yoke of the sensor removal tool at the pointwhere the sensor meets the sensor block and pry thesensor upward.Avoid touching the membrane at the tip of thesensor. Contaminants on the membrane canchange its properties and affect measurements.sensorremovaltoolIf film buildup is visible on the membrane, rinse under a gentle streamof clean water, or swish gently in a mild detergent solution, rinse wellwith clean water, and shake to dry.To avoid depletion of the reference solution, do not allow the sensor tosoak in pure water for more than a few minutes at a time.The electrode is not customer-refillable.StorageStore the sensor immersed in 14 or 140 ppm N solution, dependingon usage requirements, rather than dry or in DI water.ReferencesEaton, A.D., L.S. Clesceri, E.W. Rice, and A.E. Greenberg, eds.,Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,21st edition, Washington, D.C.: American Public Health Association,American Water Works Association, and Water EnvironmentFederation, 2005. Section 4500-NO 3–D. Nitrate Electrode Method.EPA, Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes,EPA/600/4-79-020, revised March 1983. Method 350.3, Nitrogen,Ammonia, Potentiometric, Ion Selective Electrode. Approved at 40CFR Part 136.Rundle, Chris C., A Beginners Guide to Ion-Selective ElectrodeMeasurements. Nico2000 Ltd., London, UK. On the web at www.nico2000.netMaintenance/Inspection/CleaningAs long as extreme pH and high organic solvent content is avoided,the sensor should last for several months at room temperature.Eventually some of the components will leach out, and this will affectthe response (detection limit and scope), but this can be compensatedthrough calibration.<strong>TROLL</strong> <strong>9500</strong> Operator’s <strong>Manual</strong> 1200095110 rev. 007 01/09