TROLL 9500 Operator's Manual - Geotech Environmental Equipment

Contents14 Oxidation-Reduction Potential................ 97What is ORP? ................................................................................... 97Why Measure ORP?................................................................. 97The pH/ORP Sensor......................................................................... 97Sensor Installation............................................................................. 98Calibration......................................................................................... 98Overview................................................................................... 98Calibration Solutions................................................................. 98Recommended Calibration Order for pH and ORP.................. 99Traditional ORP Calibration Procedure.................................... 99Resetting Default Coefficients................................................ 100Sensor Offset.......................................................................... 100Units and Calculated Measurements.............................................. 100Recommended Calibration Frequency............................................ 100Normalization to Standard Hydrogen Electrode Values.................. 100Usage Recommendations and Cautions......................................... 101Sensor Care and Handling.............................................................. 101Sensor Removal..................................................................... 101Maintenance/Inspection/Cleaning.......................................... 101Replacing the Filling Solution ................................................ 101Replacing the Junction........................................................... 101Storage................................................................................... 101References...................................................................................... 10115 Ammonium............................................... 104What is Ammonium ? ..................................................................... 104Why Measure Ammonium? ................................................... 104The Ammonium Sensor................................................................... 104Sensor Preparation................................................................. 104The Nitrogen Cycle................................................................. 104Sensor Installation.................................................................. 105Calibration....................................................................................... 105Overview................................................................................. 105Calibration Solutions............................................................... 105Recommended Calibration Frequency................................... 106Preparing to Calibrate............................................................. 106Ammonium Calibration Procedure.......................................... 106Sensor Slope and Offset........................................................ 108Units and Calculated Measurements.............................................. 108Usage Recommendations and Cautions......................................... 108pH ....................................................................................... 108Temperature........................................................................... 108Conductivity............................................................................ 108Potential Interferences............................................................ 108Sensor Care and Handling.............................................................. 109Sensor Removal..................................................................... 109Maintenance/Inspection/Cleaning.......................................... 109Storage................................................................................... 109References...................................................................................... 10916 Chloride.................................................... 110What Is Chloride?............................................................................ 110Why Measure Chloride?......................................................... 110The Chloride Sensor....................................................................... 110Sensor Preparation................................................................. 110Sensor Installation.................................................................. 110Calibration........................................................................................111Overview..................................................................................111Calibration Solutions................................................................111Recommended Calibration Frequency....................................111Preparing to Calibrate..............................................................111Chloride Calibration Procedure.............................................. 112Sensor Slope and Offset........................................................ 114Units and Calculated Measurements.............................................. 114Usage Recommendations and Cautions......................................... 114pH Effects............................................................................... 114Potential Interferences............................................................ 114Sensor Care and Handling.............................................................. 114Sensor Removal..................................................................... 114Maintenance/Inspection/Cleaning.......................................... 114Storage................................................................................... 11417 Nitrate...................................................... 115What Is Nitrate ?.............................................................................. 115Why Measure Nitrate?............................................................ 115The Nitrate Sensor.......................................................................... 115Sensor Preparation................................................................. 116Sensor Installation.................................................................. 116Calibration....................................................................................... 116Overview................................................................................. 116Calibration Solutions............................................................... 117Recommended Calibration Frequency................................... 117Preparing to Calibrate............................................................. 117Nitrate Calibration Procedure................................................. 117Sensor Slope and Offset........................................................ 119Units and Calculated Measurements.............................................. 119Usage Recommendations and Cautions......................................... 119Temperature........................................................................... 119Potential Interferences............................................................ 120Sensor Care and Handling.............................................................. 120Sensor Removal..................................................................... 120Maintenance/Inspection/Cleaning.......................................... 120Storage................................................................................... 120References...................................................................................... 12018 Turbidity................................................... 121What Is Turbidity?............................................................................ 121Why Measure Turbidity?......................................................... 121How Is Turbidity Measured?................................................... 121The Turbidity Sensor....................................................................... 122The Turbidity Wiper......................................................................... 122Wiper Installation.................................................................... 123Wiper Movement.................................................................... 123Manual Wipe........................................................................... 124Wiper Guidelines and Precautions......................................... 124Calibration....................................................................................... 124Factory Calibration................................................................. 124Field Calibration...................................................................... 124Calibration Solutions............................................................... 124Recommended Calibration Frequency................................... 125Turbidity Calibration Procedure.............................................. 125Resetting Default Coefficients................................................ 128Sensor Slope and Offset........................................................ 128Units and Calculated Measurements.............................................. 128Usage Recommendations and Cautions......................................... 128Common Interferences........................................................... 128Profiling Turbidity............................................................................. 128Logging Turbidity Data.................................................................... 128TROLL 9500 Operator’s Manualvi0095110 rev. 007 01/09