Section 9: Monitoring Barometric Pressure3. Do one of the following:• If this MP <strong>TROLL</strong> <strong>9500</strong> has a barometric pressure sensor andvented cable, select “Use vented cable.” Go to step 5.• If the device is on non-vented cable now and will take measurementsusing non-vented cable, select “Use non-ventedcable or backshell.” Continue to step 4.• If the <strong>TROLL</strong> is on vented cable now but will take measurementson non-vented cable, select “Use non-vented cableor backshell” and also check the last box so a reading can betaken from the barometric pressure sensor while it is available.4. Supply a barometric pressure value for the software to use in theabsence of vented cable. Choose one of these options:• Supply a fixed pressure value in your choice of units (selectunits by clicking the arrow on the list box). This value will beused each time barometric pressure is required elsewhere in thesoftware—for example, when calibrating dissolved oxygen.• Enter your elevation and let the software calculate barometricpressure based on the values in the table on this page. Pleasenote that this fixed value will not be recalculated if the elevationchanges.5. Click OK to store this information.Conversionsbars ∗ 29.530 = inches of mercurypsi ∗ 2.036 = inches of mercuryatmosphere ∗ 101325 = Pascalspsi ∗ 6.894757 ∗ 10 3 = Pascalsbars ∗ 14.50337 = psi345Pressure vs. Elevation(based on U.S. Standard Atmosphere)ElevationPressureft m in. Hg mm Hg PSI Bars-1,000 -304.8 31.02 787.9 15.25 1.051- 500 -152.4 30.47 773.8 14.94 1.0300 0 29.92 760.0 14.70 1.013500 152.4 29.38 746.4 14.43 0.9951,000 304.8 28.86 732.9 14.18 0.9771,500 457.2 28.33 719.7 13.90 0.9582,000 609.6 27.82 706.6 13.67 0.9422,500 762 27.31 693.8 13.41 0.9243,000 914.4 26.81 681.1 13.19 0.9093,500 1066.8 26.32 668.6 12.92 0.8914,000 1219.2 25.84 656.3 12.70 0.8754,500 1371.6 25.36 644.2 12.45 0.8585,000 1524 24.89 632.3 12.23 0.8435,500 1676.4 24.43 620.6 12.00 0.8276,000 1828.9 23.98 609.0 11.77 0.8116,500 1981.2 23.53 597.6 11.56 0.7967,000 2133.6 23.09 586.4 11.34 0.7817,500 2286 22.65 575.3 11.12 0.7668,000 2438 22.22 564.4 10.90 0.7518,500 2590.8 21.80 553.7 10.70 0.7379,000 2743.2 21.38 543.2 10.50 0.7239,500 2895.6 20.98 532.8 10.30 0.71010,000 3048 20.58 522.6 10.10 0.69610,500 3200.4 20.18 512.5 9.91 0.69211,000 3352.8 19.79 502.6 9.73 0.67011,500 3505.2 19.40 492.8 9.53 0.65712,000 3657.6 19.03 483.3 9.35 0.64412,500 3810 18.65 473.8 9.15 0.63113,000 3962.4 18.29 464.5 8.97 0.61813,500 4114.8 17.93 455.4 8.81 0.60714,000 4267.2 17.57 446.4 8.63 0.59514,500 4419.6 17.22 437.5 8.46 0.58315,000 4572 16.88 428.8 8.28 0.57115,500 4724.4 16.54 420.2 8.13 0.56016,000 4876.8 16.21 411.8 7.96 0.54916,500 5029.2 15.89 403.5 7.81 0.538<strong>TROLL</strong> <strong>9500</strong> Operator’s <strong>Manual</strong> 570095110 rev. 007 01/09
Multi-ParameterWater Quality <strong>TROLL</strong> ®10 Monitoring Water Quality: OverviewWhy Monitor Water Quality?At a time of increasing demands on the finite natural resources of ourplanet, public organizations and private individuals alike have becomeacutely aware of the responsibility to maintain the quality of the earth’sair and water supplies.Recent rapid advances in knowledge and technology have made itpossible to deliver accurate, timely, and reliable data on processeswe cannot necessarily examine visually. New-generation sensors forin-situ measurement of surface waters and groundwater can be anefficient alternative to time- and labor-intensive programs of field samplingand transportation to a laboratory for analysis, or can supplementsuch programs. If it is possible to collect, interpret, and respondin a timely fashion to accurate information about water supplies andwater quality, we can design better systems for protection of thosesupplies.Monitoring water-quality parameters can reveal much about thepresence and movement of natural and unnatural components ofwater—the presence of harmful bacteria, potential pollution sources,depletion of nutrient requirements for aquatic life, salt-water intrusioninto fresh water bodies, changes in water level or temperature thatcan alert observers to the onset of an “event” that can adversely affectthe quality of the resource.Monitoring water quality in surface and groundwater resources maybe required by Federal, state, or local regulations. Digital records ofmonitoring can document compliance with guidelines and standardsmandated by regulatory bodies.Profiling and logging water-quality data can provide timely informationon continually changing conditions—profiling to provide instantaneousreal-time feedback, logging to track trends and demonstrate compliance.The SensorsThe Multi-Parameter <strong>TROLL</strong> <strong>9500</strong> takes advantage of new technologiesto monitor water-quality parameters in-situ with high accuracy.Each sensor has been manufactured to our rigid specifications and isdesigned to operate with the entire suite of sensors and with the MP<strong>TROLL</strong> <strong>9500</strong> electronics. These “smart” sensors retain serial numberidentification and calibration information, and are detected and identifiedby the instrument. A sensor may be calibrated in any MP <strong>TROLL</strong><strong>9500</strong> and moved to another port that accepts the sensor type, or usedin another MP <strong>TROLL</strong> <strong>9500</strong>, without recalibration. The most accurateresults will be obtained when a sensor is calibrated and operated inthe same MP <strong>TROLL</strong> <strong>9500</strong>.The water quality sensors available for the Multi-Parameter <strong>TROLL</strong><strong>9500</strong> may be classed in two general types:Basic Sensor Set• pH• Combination pH/ORP (Oxidation-Reduction Potential)• Dissolved Oxygen, polarographic (DO)• Conductivity (and Specific Conductance, Salinity, TotalDissolved Solids, Resistivity)The pH sensor is a Single ISEs (ion-selective electrode). The CombinationpH/ORP sensor is a Multiple ISE.The Basic sensors can be factory-calibrated and pre-installed in theMP <strong>TROLL</strong> <strong>9500</strong>. They are ready for use right out of the box with abrief Quick Cal. However, for best results, if your software supportsit, we recommend that you perform a traditional two-point calibrationfor pH and DO, and a specific range calibration for conductivity asdescribed in sections 11-13 below. The accuracy that can be achievedfrom the instrument is proportional to the time and care you put intocalibration.<strong>TROLL</strong> <strong>9500</strong> Operator’s <strong>Manual</strong> 580095110 rev. 007 01/09