Miftah-ul-Janna (Booklet for way to Paradise)

[As is stated by Ibni ’Âbidîn ‘rahima-hullâhu ta’âlâ’, if the
share of any one of them is less than one-seventh, none of the
seven people’s qurbâns will be permissible. Therefore, it is
permissible for fewer than seven people to come together for the
common qurbân. It is sahîh (valid) to participate during the
purchase. Although it is sahîh to participate after the purchase as
well, it is better to participate before the purchase. A person may
perform Qurbân in partnership with another person by buying
from one-seventh to six-sevenths of the bull (or cow or ox) owned
by the latter. They share the meat in direct ratio to the partners’
shares. If one of the partners dies, it will be sahîh if his heirs says
(to the other partners), “Perform the Qurbân on his behalf and on
your own behalves.” For, it is (an act of) Qurbat to perform the
Qurbân on behalf of a dead Muslim. If the heirs do not say so, the
dead partner’s qurbân will not be Qurbat and none of the partners’
qurbâns will be sahîh. If one of the partners is a disbeliever or if he
joined the partnership (only) for the meat, none of the partners’
qurbâns will be permissible. For, each partner has to make niyyat
for Qurbat. A disbeliever’s niyyat is bâtil (null and void). To make
one’s niyyat for eating, on the other hand, is not (an act of) Qurbat.
Likewise, if one of the partners makes niyyat for the current year’s
Qurbân and the others make niyyat for the next year’s Qurbân, the
others’ niyyat is bâtil (null and void) and the meat that falls to their
shares becomes tetawwu’ [alms], and they have to dispense it as
alms to the poor. The niyyat made by the first one is sahîh (valid),
but then he cannot eat the meat. For, the judgment that the meat
has to be dispensed as alms has spread throughout the meat. The
Qurbat for which niyyat is made does not necessarily have to be a
Qurbat that is wâjib. It might as well be a Qurbat that is sunnat or
nâfila. It might as well be a Qurbat consisting of various acts of
wâjib. It is permissible as well for it to be an ’Aqîqa for a child or
an adult. (Please see the final paragraph of the fourth chapter of
the fifth fascicle of Endless Bliss for ’Aqiqa.) For, ’Aqîqa is a
Qurbat performed as a thanksoffering for having been blessed
with a newborn baby. As well, a congregate dining where Muslims
are entertained to celebrate the performance of a nikâh (marriage
contract made in a manner dictated by Islam, and which is
explained in detail in the twelfth chapter of the fifth fascicle of
Endless Bliss), is a kind of thanksoffering and a Qurbat that is
sunnat. The most meritorious thing to do is for all the partners to
make their niyyat for the Qurbân of ’Iyd. To kill an animal for
’Aqîqa is not an act of sunnat in the Hanafî Madhhab. It is
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