wocihac2011_human_development

learn prophecy or future prediction and did not bring out the Qur’an from his
ambition or learning, if he did so he was subject to forced revision and omission
because of mistake or inexperience, which disgraces the Qur’an (4:82). This point
of view is the main emphasis below but before that, the views of Hourani and other
European scholars on the said humanly inspiration of Prophet Muhammad needs
to be analyzed. As mentioned before this study is a counter-argument to the
theses of the European scholars including Hourani. In Hourani’s words, divine
revelation does not happen in terms of putting God’s words into human mouth,
there is no word of God revealed to a person.
It is imperative to say here that Hourani judges the prophecy of Prophet
Muhammad from afar, not from the inner circle surrounding the person called the
last Prophet. Hourani quotes repeated notion by the Orientalists that the last
Prophet is Jesus (peace be upon him), not Muhammad. In this light, Hourani
(1991: 7-49) emphasizes that the divinity of religion is measure at the divine
manifestation level, not at the divine revelation level. As far as Christianity is
concerned God only manifest or incarnate Himself in human body as happened to
Jesus, there is no direct interaction between human being such as Muhammad
(saw) and God. In other words, the meeting of God and human being happens at
the level of spirituality or soul, not at the level of communication. By implication,
the certainty of prophecy is proved at the level of feeling, not relying on conviction
or surety factor. There is no medium of appointment as a prophet other than the
feeling of the prophet himself of the divine incarnation. Thus, all prophecies
including that is related to Jesus are subject to qualm or doubt, and the prophet is
not sure whether he is a appointed prophet from God or he just felt so.
By the suggestion above too, prophecy is itself human feeling or
interpretation of his inner feelings or his outward worldview. It has nothing to do
with scripture that was supposed to be a divine revelation or at least an
interpretation of the God’s commandments upon mankind. Thus, religious scripture
is human experience of the prophet who felt his body in which God has manifested
Himself. The scripture is human writing, not direct or interpretation of the words of
God. Having said this, prophecy is nothing other than human word itself because
there is no indication of divine commandment on a would-be prophet, taking place.
Mere divine manifestation without any divine revelation cannot support a prophecy,
and therefore the prophet cannot proclaim that he is a messenger from and the
messages in the religious scripture that he brings along should not be propagated
for fear that they do not represent the real messages from God.
By implication too, there is no sure way of worshiping God in whatsoever
form because the prophet is not divinely guided as to how to worship in according
to His pleasure. Thus, the concept of God to be worshiped or glorified is doubtful, it
happens at the level of sense not yet achieving the level of belief. In this regard,
prophecy is individual guess or prediction and there is no absolute way of
worshiping God. Thus, there is no divine scripture, and this puts the Bible, which
was said to be divine inspiration, in the same situation.
Contrary to the doubtful concept of Islamic prophecy as has been
explained above is a divine prophecy where a prophet is divinely inspired and this
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