Lietuvos fauna.Žinduoliai (1988)

Fauna of Lithuania. Mammals 280
Literatūra 281
from the adjacent territories. In 1956, 37
animals of C. elaphus and 14 animals in
1972 were brought from the Voronezh
reservation. In 1969—1983, the catching
of local red deers and their settling within
the territory of the Republic have been
carried out. As a result of these measures
the number of red deers by 1985 increased
up to 10,900 (Fig. 229). The average
density in the Republic is established to
be 5.8, and in the primary foci of their
residence up to 30—60 animals per 1,000
ha of forest area (Fig. 230). In 1984,
2,600 of red deers were hunted.
Cervus dama, of the game park origin
too, in the beginning of the 20th century
inhabited some places, but later on, during
the wars, it disappeared or was exterminated.
In 1976— 1977, with a view to acclimatize,
90 animals of C. dama were imported
from the German Democratic Republic,
Hungary, Czechoslovakia and the
Askaniya Nova reservation. In the beginning
of 1985, this species was represented
by 270 animals in the Republic.
Cervus nippon and Ovis ammon musimon
are considered to be new species of
artiodactyles in Lithuania. In 1954, 24
sika deers, obtained from the deer-breeding
farm in the Gorno-Altai Region,
have been released in the Dubrava forest
(Kaunas District). By the seventies the
C. nippon population has grown to 50—60
head and settled at this level. The distribution
in other places was not observed.
O. a. musimon was imported twice: in
1976—24 animals from Askaniya Nova,
and in 1977—39 animals from Czechoslovakia.
By the beginning of 1985 a total
of 145 moufflons have been recorded.
In 1969, in Lithuania (Panevėžys District),
the nursery for Bison bonasus
where Belovezh-line bisons are bred was
established. In 1973—1976, 17 bisons,
born in this nursery, were turned loose.
However, the experiment of creating free
herds of bisons under present-day natural
environmental conditions of Lithuania did
not yield positive results. In 1981, 12 bisons
were transferred to the Ukraine. In
the beginning of 1985, 19 bisons were
registered in the nursery.
For the morphological characteristic
of the species described the following
morphometric data are drawn (their abbreviated
designations used in the text
are given in the brackets): body weight
(Q); lengths of body (L), tail (C), hind
foot (P) and ear (A); for bats additionally
lengths of ear tragus (Tr), forearm (An)
and shin (Cr), wingspread (LtA); for
artiodactyles — body height in withers
(G) and chest volume (K). Dimensions
of skull: condyle-basal length (KBi),
lengths of facial part (VDi), braincase
(SDi), nasal bones (Ni), hard palate
(KGi), rostrum (Ri), upper teeth
(VDEi), lower teeth (ADEi), upper intermediate
teeth (for shrews) (TDEi),
diastema (Di) and lower jaw (AŽi);
widths of rostrum (Rp), malar (Sp) and
braincase (DKp); suborbital (POp), interorbital
(TOp), postorbital (UOp) and
mastoid (Mp) widths; heights of braincase
(DKa) and lower jaw (ŽŠa).
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