Rapporten - SBU
Rapporten - SBU
Rapporten - SBU
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Table 3.2.25 Exclusion diet.<br />
Author<br />
Year<br />
Reference<br />
Country<br />
Whiteley<br />
et al<br />
2010<br />
[86]<br />
United<br />
Kingdom,<br />
Denmark,<br />
Norway<br />
Study design<br />
Aim<br />
Design<br />
RCT with waitlist<br />
comparison group.<br />
Randomisation<br />
stratified for age<br />
and VABS com-<br />
posite score<br />
Aim<br />
To evaluate the<br />
effect of gluten- and<br />
casein-free diet on<br />
the developmental<br />
outcome in children<br />
with ASD<br />
Population<br />
characteristics<br />
Diagnosis<br />
Previous diagnose<br />
of ASD according to<br />
ICD-10 (ADOS and<br />
ADI-R completed)<br />
No of participants<br />
73 intended to treat,<br />
55 remaining after<br />
12 months, 35 after<br />
24 months<br />
Gender<br />
I: Males 21, females 5<br />
C: Males 28, females 1<br />
Age<br />
4 years–10 year<br />
and 11 months<br />
IQ<br />
Developmental<br />
age >24 months<br />
248 Autismspektrumtillstånd – diAgnostik och insAtser,<br />
KAPITEL 3 • sysTEmATIsK LITTErATurövErsIKT – insAtser vid Ast<br />
249<br />
vårdens orgAnisAtion och pAtientens delAktighet<br />
Intervention Follow up period<br />
Drop-out rate<br />
I: Strict gluten- and<br />
casein-free diet.<br />
n=38<br />
C: Non-diet group<br />
for 12 months,<br />
strict gluten- and<br />
casein-free diet<br />
during months<br />
12 to 24.<br />
n=34<br />
ADHD = Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; ADI-R = Autism diagnostic interview-<br />
Revised; ADOS = Autism diagnostic observation schedule; ASD = Autism spectrum<br />
disorder; C = Control group; GARS = Gilliam autism rating scale; I = Intervention group;<br />
ICD-10 = International classification of diseases and related health problems, version 10;<br />
IQ = Intelligence quotient; n = Number of patients; ns = Non significant; p = Probability<br />
coefficient; RCT = Randomised controlled trial; VABS = Vineland adaptive behaviour<br />
scales<br />
Follow up period<br />
24 months<br />
Drop-outs<br />
n=73 available<br />
for randomisation,<br />
1 drop-out before<br />
randomisation<br />
Drop-outs during<br />
the first 12 months:<br />
I: 11/38 (incl. 4 children<br />
because lack of effect)<br />
+ 1 excluded.<br />
C: 4/34 + 1 excluded<br />
Drop-out<br />
months 12–24.<br />
I: n=8<br />
C: n=12<br />
Main results Study quality<br />
Comments<br />
Assessment at 12 months,<br />
difference between groups<br />
(I: n=26; C: n=29)<br />
Observation<br />
ADOS communication score:<br />
I>C (p=0.0022)<br />
ADOS social and repetitive scores: ns<br />
Questionnaires (parent reports)<br />
GARS social score: I>C (p=0.0001)<br />
GARS communication and stereo-<br />
typed behaviour: ns<br />
VABS communication<br />
and social score: ns<br />
VABS daily living: I>C (p=0.02)<br />
For group C (n=17), comparison<br />
of assessments at 12 and 24 months<br />
(12 months without, 12 months<br />
with diet):<br />
ADOS, GARS social, VABS, ADHD<br />
inattention: no significant changes<br />
GARS communication and stereo-<br />
typed behaviour: improvement<br />
(p=0.03 and 0.02, respectively)<br />
Moderate<br />
Except for the<br />
ADOS, outcome<br />
data consisted of<br />
parent reports<br />
(not blinded)<br />
Large drop-out<br />
rate; no intendedto-treat-analysis<br />
performed
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