The psychopathology of everyday art: a quantitative Study - World ...

abusers 308 , but not the schizophrenics). Thus the DAPA results agree with other
empirical studies.
The measurement procedures of the DAPA may have contributed to the
polarisation of scores between schizophrenia and substance abuse. There could be large
variations in quantity applied to an area and quality of tone, for example, a range from
pure black, rated as high intensity, and pencil lines, rated at low intensity. Large amounts
of pencil line would be rated at a very consistent intensity of black, which would make
it inconsistent with the fluctuations of the other colours. This explanation does fit with
the low negative correlations for black throughout. Schizophrenics are said to produce
fragmented and dissolute compositions 309 , indicating lack of or less certain outlines with
a corresponding low score and drug abusers could similarly have produced more pencil
lines. If this was the case then black scores should correlate with form or with drawn line
for schizophrenics and substance abusers; this hypothesis is examined in the discussion
of structure.
Minor differences:
yellow: All groups used moderate yellow except schizophrenics, but as before,
schizophrenics used little colour. This finding contradicts previous findings of increased
yellow in paintings by schizophrenics 310 , but this could easily be explained by
308 Communicated to the author in discussion with group and hospital staff post experimental period.
309
Wadeson (1980), op.cit. table of characteristics of schizophrenia, p.190; Amos (1982), op.cit. provides
typical examples.
310 Russell-Lacy et al. (1979) op.cit. found schizophrenics and normal controls used more yellow and
blending than other patients. Russell-Lacy mentioned that a 'template' was used to determine
286