Carbaryl, Carbofuran, and Methomyl - National Marine Fisheries ...

nation’s silver output has come from a few select silver deposits.
Many of the streams and river reaches in the basin are impaired from mining. Several
abandoned and former mining sites are also designated as superfund cleanup areas
(Stanford, Hauer et al. 2005; Anderson, Dugger et al. 2007). According to the U.S.
Bureau of Mines, there are about 14,000 inactive or abandoned mines within the
Columbia River Basin. Of these, nearly 200 pose a potential hazard to the environment
(Quigley, Arbelbide et al. 1997 in Hincke et al. 2004). Contaminants detected in the
water include lead and other trace metals.
Hydromodification Projects
More than 400 dams exist in the basin, ranging from mega dams that store large amounts
of water to small diversion dams for irrigation. Every major tributary of the Columbia
River except the Salmon River is totally or partially regulated by dams and diversions.
More than 150 dams are major hydroelectric projects. Of these, 18 dams are located on
the mainstem Columbia River and its major tributary, the Snake River. The FCRPS
encompasses the operations of 14 major dams and reservoirs on the Columbia and Snake
rivers. These dams and reservoirs operate as a coordinated system. The Corps operates 9
of 10 major federal projects on the Columbia and Snake rivers, and the Dworshak, Libby
and Albeni Falls dams. The BOR operates the Grand Coulee and Hungry Horse dams.
These federal projects are a major source of power in the region. These same projects
provide flood control, navigation, recreation, fish and wildlife, municipal and industrial
water supply, and irrigation benefits.
BOR has operated irrigation projects within the basin since 1904. The irrigation system
delivers water to about 2.9 million acres of agricultural lands. About 1.1 million acres of
land are irrigated using water delivered by two structures, the Columbia River Project
(Grand Coulee Dam) and the Yakima Project. The Grand Coulee Dam delivers water for
the irrigation of over 670,000 acres of croplands and the Yakima Project delivers water to
nearly 500,000 acres of croplands (Bouldin, Farris et al. 2007).
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