Carbaryl, Carbofuran, and Methomyl - National Marine Fisheries ...

Figure 1: Life-History Graphs and Transition Matrix for coho (A), sockeye (B) and Chinook
salmon (C). The life history graph for a population labeled by age, with each transition element
labeled according to the matrix position, aij, i row and j column. Dashed lines represent
reproductive contribution and solid lines represent survival transitions. D) The transition matrix
for the life history graph depicted in C.
Figure 2: Relationships used to link anticholinesterase exposure to the organism’s ability to
acquire food (potential ration). See text for details. Relationships in B, C, and D use empirical
data. Closed circles represent control conditions. Open circles represent the exposed (inhibited)
condition. A) Representation of a constant level of anticholinesterase pesticide exposure (either
a single compound or mixtures). B) Sigmoidal relationship between exposure concentration and
steady-state AChE activity showing a dose-dependent reduction defined by control activity
(horizontal line, Ac), sigmoidal (i.e., hille) slope (AChE slope), and the concentration producing
50% inhibition (vertical line, EC50). C) Timecourse of AChE inhibition based on modeling the
time-to-effect and time-to-recovery as single exponential curves with different time-constants.
At the start of the exposure AChE activity will be at control and then decline toward the
inhibited activity (Ai) based on Panel B. D) Linear model relating AChE activity to feeding
behavior using a line that passes through the feeding (Fc) and activity (Ac) control conditions
with a slope of Mfa. E) The relationship between feeding behavior and the potential ratio an
organism could acquire (if not food limited) used a line passing through the control conditions
(Fc as in Panel D and the control ration, Rc) and through the origin producing a slope (Mrf)
equal to Rc/Fc. F) Timecourse for effect of exposure to anticholinesterase on potential ration
produced by combining C and E.
Figure 3: Relationships used to link anticholinesterase exposure to the availability of prey. See
text for details. Relationships in B and C utilize empirical data. Closed circles represent control
conditions. Open circles represent the exposed (inhibited) condition. A) Representation of a
constant level of anticholinesterase pesticide exposure (either single compound or mixtures). B)
Sigmoidal relationship between exposure concentration and relative prey abundance showing a
dose-dependent reduction defined by control abundance (horizontal line at 1, Pc), sigmoid (i.e.,
hille) slope (prey slope), the concentration producing a 50% reduction in prey (vertical line,
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