Carbaryl, Carbofuran, and Methomyl - National Marine Fisheries ...

Opinion. Summaries of the status and trends [including (VSP) information] of each
species are presented to provide a foundation for the analysis.
One of the important factors defining a viable population is the population’s long- and
short-term tendency to increase in abundance. In our status reviews of each listed
salmonid species, we calculated the median annual population growth rate (denoted as
lambda, λ) from available time series of abundance for individual populations. The
lambda for each population is calculated using the rate at which four year running sums
of available abundance estimates changes through time. Several publications provide a
detailed description of the calculation of lambda (McClure, Holmes et al. 2003; Good,
Waples et al. 2005). The lambda values for salmonid VSPs presented in these papers are
summarized in Appendix 2. Unfortunately, reliable time series of abundance estimates
are not available for most Pacific salmon and steelhead populations. In those cases, we
made general inferences of long-term change based on what is known of historical and
past abundances from snapshot surveys, surveys of a population segments, harvest by
commercial and recreational fisheries, and professional judgment. We then compare
these to similar information of current populations.
Below, each species narrative is followed by a description of its critical habitat with
particular emphasis on any essential features of the habitat that may be exposed to the
proposed action, and may warrant special attention.
Chinook Salmon
Description of the Species
Chinook salmon are the largest of the Pacific salmon and historically ranged from the
Ventura River in California to Point Hope, Alaska in North America, and in northeastern
Asia from Hokkaido, Japan to the Anadyr River in Russia (Healey 1991). In addition,
Chinook salmon have been reported in the Canadian Beaufort Sea (McPhail and Lindsey
1970). We discuss the distribution, life history, diversity (when applicable), status, and
critical habitat of the nine species of endangered and threatened Chinook salmon
separately.
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