Carbaryl, Carbofuran, and Methomyl - National Marine Fisheries ...

Species General Life History Descriptions
(number of
listed
ESUs or
DPSs)
Spawning Migration Spawning Habitat Juvenile Rearing and Migration
Coho Mature adults (usually two Spawn throughout Following emergence, fry move
(4) to four years old) enter smaller coastal to shallow areas near stream
the rivers in the fall. The tributaries, usually banks. As fry grow they
timing varies depending penetrating to the distribute up and downstream
on location and other upper reaches to and establish territories in small
variables. Coho salmon spawn. Spawning streams, lakes, and off-channel
are semelparous (can takes place from ponds. Here they rear for 12-18
spawn only once). October to March. months. In the spring of their
second year juveniles rapidly
migrate to sea. Initially, they
remain in nearshore waters of
the estuary close to the natal
stream following downstream
migration.
Chum Mature adults (usually Generally spawn The alevin life stage primarily
(2) three to four years old) from just above resides just below the gravel
enter rivers as early as tidewater in the surface until they approach or
July, with arrival on the lower reaches of reach the fry stage. Immediately
spawning grounds mainstem rivers, after leaving the gravel, swim-up
occurring from September tributary stream, or fry migrate downstream to
to January. Chum salmon side channels to estuarine areas. They reside in
are semelparous (can 100 km upstream. estuaries near the shoreline for
spawn only once).
one or more weeks before
migrating for extended distances,
usually in a narrow band along
the Pacific Ocean’s coast.
Sockeye Mature adults (usually Spawn along The alevin life stage primarily
(2) four to five years old) lakeshores where resides just below the gravel
begin entering rivers from springs occur and surface until they approach or
May to October. Sockeye in outlet or inlet reach the fry stage. Immediately
are semelparous (can streams to lakes. after leaving the gravel, swim-up
spawn only once).
fry migrate to nursery lakes or
intermediate feeding areas along
the banks of rivers. Populations
that migrate directly to nursery
lakes typically occupy shallow
beach areas of the lake’s littoral
zone; a few cm in depth. As they
grow larger they disperse into
deeper habitats. Juveniles
usually reside in the lakes for
one to three years before
migrating to off shore habitats in
the ocean. Some are residual,
and complete their entire
lifecycle in freshwater.
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