Carbaryl, Carbofuran, and Methomyl - National Marine Fisheries ...

etween 2000 and 2007, only seven have populations greater than one million people. Of these
major cities, one and two cities are from Oregon and California, respectively. They include
Portland-Vancouver-Beaverton, OR (1.83%/year), Riverside-San Bernadino-Ontario, CA
(3.63%/year), and Sacramento-Arden-Arcade-Roseville, CA (2.34%/year).
Urban Growth
As these cities border coastal or riverine systems, diffuse and extensive growth will increase
overall volume of contaminant loading from wastewater treatment plants and sediments from
sprawling urban and suburban development into riverine, estuarine, and marine habitats. Urban
runoff from impervious surfaces and roadways may also contain oil, heavy metals, PAHs, and
other chemical pollutants and flow into state surface waters. Inputs of these point and non-point
pollution sources into numerous rivers and their tributaries will affect water quality in available
spawning and rearing habitat for salmon. Based on the increase in human population growth, we
expect an associated increase in the number of NPDES permits issued and the potential listing of
more 303(d) waters with high pollutant concentrations in state surface waters.
Mining
Mining has historically been a major component of western state economies. With national
output for metals increasing at 4.3% annually (little oil, but some gas is drawn from western
states), output of western mines should increase markedly (Woods and Figueroa 2007).
Increases in mining activity will add to existing significant levels of mining contaminants
entering river basins. Given this trend, we expect existing water degradation in many western
streams that feed into or provide spawning habitat for threatened and endangered salmonid
populations will be exacerbated.
Agriculture
As the western states have large tracts of irrigated agriculture, a rise in agricultural output is
anticipated. Impacts from heightened agricultural production will likely result in two negative
impacts on listed Pacific salmonids (Woods and Figueroa 2007). The first impact is the greater
use and application of pesticide, fertilizers, and herbicides and their increased concentrations and
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