TABLE OF CONTENTS - The Professional Green Building Council

Theme B: Creating a livable, healthy and environmentally viable cities(filter exchange and cleaning). Fan and maintenance cost data were provided bythe participating company. The heating energy calculation is based on the hourlyweather data (winter months, Oct.-Feb.) and calculation method was based on [17].The PD was calculated based on [18]. For a measure of IAQ, CO 2 concentration isselected since it is a typical contaminant generated primarily by occupants and, inaddition, measurement of CO 2 in occupied spaces has been used widely to evaluatethe sufficiency of outdoor air supplied to indoor spaces [19]. For CO 2 calculation,an adult is assumed to generate 0.31 liter per minute [20]. As a threshold of CO 2concentration, 1,000ppm, a non-mandatory but recommended value of the code [1]is chosen. The number of occupants in each room (Fig. 4) was obtained throughon-site interview and questionnaires. The CO 2 concentration was calculated everyhour for 24 hours in each zone (living room, bedroom and dining room). In orderto reduce the computation time required by the genetic algorithm, PD wascategorized into three levels (A, B and C) [18], and CO 2 concentration wasrounded up to the nearest hundred PPM.Step 4: finding Pareto setStep 4 involves finding the Pareto optimal solution set. The number of generationswas set at 500. Theoretically, the maximum number of trial solutions can be1,000,000 (500 multiplied by 2,000 individuals). The individuals of X 1 -X 10generated in Step 1 makes a single generation through Steps 2-4. When onegeneration is finished, new individuals are generated in Step 4 by fitness sharing,selection, recombination/crossover and mutation, after which the optimizationprocess is repeated according to the number of generations. The NSGA-II methodproposed in [14] was used so that diversity of individuals could be maintainedwithout DM’s determining the niche size.4. RESULTSTable 3 shows the results of the optimization algorithm that combines the geneticalgorithm and Pareto optimality. A set of Pareto optimal solutions consists of 18403