Animal Waste, Water Quality and Human Health

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Transport of microbial pollution in catchment systems 187Anon. (1976). Council of the European Communities. Council Directive 76/160/EEC of 8December 1975 concerning the quality of bathing water. Official Journal of theEuropean Communities, L31, 1–7.Anon. (2006). Provision of a Screening Tool to Identify and Characterise Diffuse PolllutionPressures: Phase II. Project WFD19 (230/8050). ADAS (UK); HR Wallingford;Macaulay Land Use Research Institute and Scottish Agricultural College forSNIFFER Edinburgh. www.sniffer.org.uk.Bai, S. and Lung, W. S. (2005). Modelling sediment impact on the transport of faecalbacteria. Water Research, 39, 5232–5240.Bales, R. C., Li, S. M., Maguire, K. M., Yahya, M. T., Gerba, C. P. and Harvey, R. W.(1995). Virus and bacteria transport in a sandy aquifer, Cape-Cod, Ma. GroundWater, 33, 653–661.Brazier, R. E., Heathwaite, A. L. and Liu, S. (2005). Scaling issues relating tophosphorus transfer from land to water in agricultural catchments. Journal ofHydrology: Nutrient Mobility Within River Basins: A European Perspective, 304,330–342.Brion, G. M. and Lingireddy, S. (1999). A neural network approach to identifying non-pointsources of microbial contamination. Water Research, 33, 3099–3106.Byappanahalli, M., Fowler, M., Shively, D. and Whitman, R. (2003). Ubiquity andpersistence of escherichia coli in a Midwestern coastal stream. Applied andEnvironmental Microbiology, 69, 4549–4555.Chalmers, R., Stapleton, C., Robinson, G., Watkins, J., Francis, C. and Kay, D. (2005).Establishing the Relationship between Farm.Re-stocking and Cryptosporidia: TheCaldew Catchment Study, UKWIR Project 05/DW/06/19, London: Water UK,ISBN: 1-84057-374-0.Characklis, G. W., Dilts, M. J., Simmons, O. D., Likirdopulos, C. A., Krometis, L. A. H. andSobsey, M. D. (2005). Microbial partitioning to settleable particles in stormwater.Water Research, 39(9), 1773–1782.Chick, H. (1910). The process of disinfection by chemical agents and hot water. Journal ofHygiene Cambridge, 10, 237–286.Collins, R. (2004). Fecal contamination of pastoral wetlands. Journal of EnvironmentalQuality, 33, 1912–1918.Collins, R. and Rutherford, K. (2004). Modelling bacterial water quality in streams drainingpastoral land. Water Research, 38, 700–712.Crowther, J., Kay, D. and Wyer, M. D. (2001). Relationships between microbial waterquality and environmental conditions in coastal recreational waters: The Fylde coast,UK. Water Research, 35, 4029–4038.Crowther, J., Kay, D. and Wyer, M. (2002). Faecal-indicator concentrations in watersdraining lowland pastoral catchments in the UK: relationships with land use andfarming practice. Water Research, 36, 1725–1734.Crowther, J., Wyer, M. D., Bradford, M., Kay, D. and Francis, C. A. (2003). Modellingfaecal indicator concentrations in large rural catchments using land use andtopographic data. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 94, 962–973.
188Animal Waste, Water Quality and Human HealthDickson, J. W., Edwards, A. C., Jeffrey, B. and Kay, D. (2005). Catchment scale appraisalof best management practices (BMPs) for the improvement of bathing water –Brighouse Bay, Edinburgh SAC Environmental, Auchincruive http://www.scotland.gov.uk/ Topics/Environment/Water/15561/15068.Domingo, J. W, Bambic, D. G, Edge, T. A et al. (2007). Quo vadis source tracking? Towardsa strategic framework for environmental monitoring of fecal pollution. Wat Res, 41,3539–3552.Donnison, A., Ross, C. and Thorrold, B. (2004). Impact of land use on the faecal microbialquality of hill-country streams. New Zealand Journal of Marine and FreshwaterResearch, 38, 845–855.Dorner, S. M., Anderson, W. B., Slawson, R. M., Kouwen, N. and Huck, P. M. (2006).Hydrologic Modeling of Pathogen Fate and Transport. Environmental Science &Technolgy, 40(15), 8.Duran, A. E., Muniesa, M., Mendez, X., Valero, F., Lucena, F. and Jofre, J. (2002). Removaland inactivation of indicator bacteriophages in fresh waters. Journal of AppliedMicrobiology, 92, 338–347.Evison, L. M. (1988). Comparative studies on the survival of indicator organisms andpathogens in fresh and sea-Water. Water Science and Technology, 20, 309–315.Ferguson, C., Altavilla, N., Ashbolt, N. J. and Deere, D. A. (2003a). Prioritizing -watershed pathogen research. Jounal of the American Water Works Association, 95,92–106.Ferguson, C., de Roda Husman, A. M., Altavilla, N. and Deere, D. (2003b). Fate andtransport of surface water pathogens in watersheds. Critical Reviews inEnvironmental Science and Technology, 33, 299–361.Ferguson, C. 2005. Deterministic Model of Microbial Sources, Fate and Transport: aQuantitative Tool for Pathogen Catchment Budgeting. PhD University of NewSouth Wales, Australia.Ferguson, C. M, Croke, B. F. W, Beatson, P. J, Ashbolt, N. J and Deere, D. A. (2007).Development of a process-based model to predict pathogen budgets for the sydneydrinking water catchment. Journal of Water and Health, 5(2), 187–208.Flint, K. P. (1987). The long-term survival of Escherichia coli in river water. Journal ofApplied Bacteriology, 63, 261–270.Fontes, D. E., Mills, A. L., Hornberger, G. M. and Herman, J. S. (1991). Physical andchemical factors influencing transport of microorganisms through porous media.Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 57, 2473–2481.Foppen, J. W. A. and Schijven, J. F. (2005). Transport of E. coli in columns ofgeochemically heterogeneous sediment. Water Research, 39, 3082–3088.Foppen, J. W. A. and Schijven, J. F. (2006). Evaluation of data from the literature on thetransport and survival of Escherichia coli and thermotolerant coliforms in aquifersunder saturated conditions. Water Research, 40, 401–426.Fraser, R. H., Barten, P. K. and Pinney, D. A. K. (1998). Predicting stream pathogen loadingfrom livestock using a geographical information system-based delivery model. Journalof Environmental Quality, 27, 935–945.
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Emerging Issues in Water and Infect
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World Health Organization and IWA P
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Published on behalf of the World He
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3Zoonotic waterborne pathogen loads
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Zoonotic waterborne pathogen loads
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the cause of a variety of food- and
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4Zoonotic waterbornepathogens in li
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controlling E. coli-associated diar
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7ExposureWill Robertson and Gordon
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Exposure 259main components influen
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Exposure 261rainfall events (Atherh
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Exposure 263contact activities, the
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Exposure 265Table 7.1 Notable studi
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Exposure 267Table 7.2 Notable studi
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Exposure 269water than zoonotic pat
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Exposure 2711999). As suggested by
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Exposure 273leptospirosis is primar
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are severely underreported. As with
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Exposure 277duodenalis in surface w
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Exposure 279Keeley, A. and Faulkner
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Exposure 281Schultz-Fademrecht, C.,
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IndexAgricultural runoff, 122, 168,
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Index 463Biogas, 137-139, 291Bio-se
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Index 465Critical control points, 1
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Index 467290-291, 293, 295, 300, 30
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Index 469Hazard detection, 285Hazar
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Index 471pathogens, 2, 4-14, 17-21,
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Index 473Probiotics, 132-133Protozo
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Index 475Molecular, 16, 19, 22, 27,
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Animal Waste, Water Quality and Human Health

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