Animal Waste, Water Quality and Human Health

Index 475Molecular, 16, 19, 22, 27, 30, 33–34,38, 40, 45, 52–56, 58, 60, 62,64–65, 71, 78, 88, 91, 99, 101, 104,107, 114, 122, 129–130, 142,150–151, 288, 298, 308, 312, 317,329, 333, 339–340, 352, 355–356,406–407Staphylococcus, 51, 61, 70, 420Stated preference, 438–440, 443, 459Steading areas, 185Study population, 417Sunlight, 189, 193, 244, 248, 261–262, 278,280–281, 355, 393, 411Super-shedders, 5, 84, 88, 98, 123, 131, 397Surface runoff, 177, 198–199, 229, 240,243–246, 252, 255, 305Surveillance, 32, 40, 63, 67, 70, 101, 114,148, 274–275, 291, 298, 311, 314,339, 409Survival, 4, 31, 40, 47, 59, 62–63, 70,93–95, 104–108, 111, 113, 124,133, 140, 142, 175, 179, 185–186,188–189, 194, 197, 199, 243, 249,253, 259, 261–262, 269, 277–281,288, 313, 331–335, 346–348, 357,363, 369, 379–380, 393, 407–409,411Susceptibility, 28, 46, 49, 55, 67, 92,97–98, 108, 132, 142, 147, 259, 270,273, 311, 363, 369–371, 385,387, 393Suspension, 237, 327Swallowing, 271Swimmers, 3, 14–15, 311, 373, 378,416–422, 424–425, 427, 441, 455Symptoms, 1, 28–30, 32, 35, 41, 44, 49,128, 301, 419–420, 422, 424,452–453Telephone interviews, 417, 422, 447Temperature, 34, 44, 94, 260–262,279–281, 286, 300, 323, 354Total coliforms, 168, 171, 174, 181, 183,199, 235, 287, 422, 446Toxicity, 136, 446Toxoplasma gondii, 25, 30, 54–55, 57–65,67–68, 70, 120Toxoplasma spp., 25, 30, 32, 120, 364Toxoplasmosis, 30–32, 54–55, 57, 59,64–65TransmissionAnimal-to-human transmission, 89Human-to-human transmission(person-to-person transmission),42, 89Transmission pathways, 79, 198Transparency, 381, 446TransportContinuous, 208, 239, 241, 327, 378, 382Episodic, 5–6, 176, 180, 186, 194, 200,255, 426TreatmentPrimary, 27, 87, 99, 120, 130, 154, 168,170–174, 214, 217, 251, 260,262–264, 270–273, 293, 302, 328,330, 338, 341, 361, 366, 382, 388,413Secondary, 21, 39, 46, 87, 92, 98, 168,170–174, 205, 213, 215–216, 218,239, 246, 262–263, 270–271, 288,302, 321–322, 328, 331, 337, 382,388Tertiary, 168, 170–174, 205, 213, 239,253Typhoid fever, 42, 144, 298, 311UV disinfection, 168, 173, 174, 228, 289,305, 333US Clean Water Act, 195Vaccination, 8, 37, 42, 50, 64, 118–119,123–124, 126–128, 131, 142, 146,152–153, 155–156, 291, 294, 298Vectors, 32, 50, 92, 102, 120–122, 140, 150cockroaches, 32dung beetles, 32earthworm, 32flies, 32, 38, 89, 92, 121