Animal Waste, Water Quality and Human Health

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Comparative risk analysis 413Teunis, P. F. M., & Havelaar, A. H. (2000). The Beta Poisson model is not a single-hitmodel. Risk Analysis, 20, 511–518.Teunis, P. F. M., van der Heijden, O. G., van der Giessen, J. W. B., & Havelaar, A. H.(1996). The dose-response relation in human volunteers for gastro-intestinalpathogens. RIVM Report No. 284 550 002, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, POBox 1, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands, 89 p.Thomas, M. K., Charron, D. F., Waltner-Toews, D., Schuster, C., Maarouf, A. R., &Holt, J. D. (2006). A role of high impact weather events in waterborne diseaseoutbreaks in Canada, 1975–2001. International Journal of EnvironmentalHealth Research, 16(3), 167–180.Tian, J, & Liu, X. M. (2009). Risk assessment of Listeria monocytogenes in deli meats andvegetable salads. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi, 43, 781–784 (Chinese).Till, D. G., & McBride, G. B. (2004). Potential public health risk of campylobacter andother zoonotic waterborne infections in New Zealand. Chapter 12. In: WaterborneZoonoses: Identification, Causes and Control (Cotruvo, J.A., Dufour, A., Rees, G.,Bartram, J., Carr, R., Cliver, D.O., Craun, G.F., Fayer, R. and Gannon, V.P.J. (eds.),World Health Organization and IWA publishing, Geneva and London, pp. 191–208.Till, D., McBride, G., Ball, A., Taylor, K., & Pyle, E. (2008). Large-scale microbiologicalstudy: Rationale, results and risks. Journal of Water and Health, 6(4), 443–460.USEPA (2000a). Risk assessment evaluation for concentrated animal feeding operations,USEPA Report EPA/600/R-04/042, National Risk Management ResearchLaboratory, Cincinnati, OH. http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/pubs/600r04042/600r04042.pdf Washington, D.C.: United States Environmental Protection Agency.USEPA, (2000b). Report to Congress – EPA Studies on Sensitive Subpopulations andDrinking Water Contaminants. USEPA Report EPA 815-R-00-015, Office of Water.Washington, D.C.: United States Environmental Protection Agency.USEPA (2003). National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Long Term 2 EnhancedSurface Water Treatment Rule.. 40 CFR Parts 141 and 142, Federal Register 68(154), August 11. Washington, D.C.: United States Environmental Protection Agency.USEPA (2009a). Review of published studies to characterize relative risks from differentsources of faecal contamination in recreational water. USEPA, Office of Water,Health and Ecological Criteria Division. Report EPA 822-R-09-001. Washington, D.C.: United States Environmental Protection Agency. http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/criteria/recreation/pdf/faecalcontamrecreationalwaters.pdfUSEPA (2009b). Review of zoonotic pathogens in ambient waters. USEPA, Office ofWater, Health and Ecological Criteria Division. Report EPA 822-R-09-002.Washington, D.C.: United States Environmental Protection Agency. http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/ criteria/recreation/pdf/zoonoticpathogensreview.pdfUSEPA (2010). Quantitative microbial risk assessment to estimate illness in freshwaterimpacted by agricultural animal sources of faecal contamination. USEPA Office ofWater. Report EPA 822-R-10-005. Washington, D.C.: United States EnvironmentalProtection Agency. http://water.epa.gov/scitech/swguidance/standards/criteria/health/recreation/upload/P4-QMRA-508.pdf
414Animal Waste, Water Quality and Human HealthWade, T. J., Calderon, R. L., Brenner, K. P., Sams, E., Beach, M., Haugland, R., Wymer, L.,& Dufour, A. P. (2008). High sensitivity of children to swimming-associatedgastrointestinal illness: results using a rapid assay of recreational water quality.Epidemiology, 19(3), 375–83.Weijtens, M. J. B. M., van der Plas, J., Bijker, P. G. H., Urlings, H. A. P., Koster, D., vanLogtestijn, J. G., & Huis in’t Veld, J. H. J. (1997). The transmission of campylobacterin piggeries; an epidemiological study. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 83(6),693–698.WHO (2003). Guidelines for Safe Recreational Water Environments. Volume 1. Coastaland Fresh Waters. Geneva, World Health Organisation. Accessed 14 November2009 from http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/bathing/srwe/enWHO (2009a). About Risk Analysis in Food, Geneva, World Health Organization. Accessed14 November 2009 from http://www.who.int/foodsafety/micro/riskanalysis/en/WHO/FAO (2009b). Risk Characterization of Microbiological Hazards in Food.Guidelines. Microbiological Risk Assessment Series, No. 17. Rome and Geneva:Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and World HealthOrganization. Downloaded on 5 January 2010 from: http://www.who.int/foodsafety/ publications/ micro/MRA17.pdfWilcock, R. J. (2006). Assessing the relative importance of faecal pollution sources inrural catchments. Report HAM2006-104, National Institute of Water andAtmospheric Research (NIWA), Hamilton, New Zealand, report to EnvironmentWaikato (http://ew.govt.nz/Publications/Technical-Reports/Assessing-the-Relative-Importance-of-Faecal-Pollution-Sources-in-Rural-Catchments/)
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Emerging Issues in Water and Infect
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3Zoonotic waterborne pathogen loads
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Zoonotic waterborne pathogen loads
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the cause of a variety of food- and
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4Zoonotic waterbornepathogens in li
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Zoonotic waterborne pathogens in li
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controlling E. coli-associated diar
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5Transport of microbial pollution i
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Transport of microbial pollution in
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196Animal Waste, Water Quality and
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7ExposureWill Robertson and Gordon
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Exposure 259main components influen
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Exposure 261rainfall events (Atherh
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Exposure 263contact activities, the
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Exposure 265Table 7.1 Notable studi
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Exposure 267Table 7.2 Notable studi
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Exposure 269water than zoonotic pat
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Exposure 2711999). As suggested by
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Exposure 273leptospirosis is primar
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are severely underreported. As with
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Exposure 277duodenalis in surface w
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Exposure 279Keeley, A. and Faulkner
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Exposure 281Schultz-Fademrecht, C.,
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Page 472 and 473: IndexAgricultural runoff, 122, 168,
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Index 463Biogas, 137-139, 291Bio-se
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Index 465Critical control points, 1
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Index 467290-291, 293, 295, 300, 30
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Index 469Hazard detection, 285Hazar
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Index 471pathogens, 2, 4-14, 17-21,
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Index 473Probiotics, 132-133Protozo
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Index 475Molecular, 16, 19, 22, 27,
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