Crop Diversification in the Asia-Pacific region - United Nations in ...

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The major outputs are:- Integration of fragmented knowledge on lesser-known plants with localized and/orinternational potential as crops.- Assessment and promotion of high-value crops for distinct agro-ecologicalenvironments.- Introduction to and expansion of palms to Africa.- Technology transfer for integrated greenhouse crop production and protectionmanagement.Integration of Fragmented Knowledge on Lesser-Known Plants with Localized and/orInternational Potential as CropsFAO receives many requests for multidisciplinary information on plant species ornovel cultivars for which data exists but is scarce and globally fragmented amongstethnobotanical observations, publications, institutions, private enterprise and networks ingeneral, including the Internet. This global plant resource is under threat from populationpressure and other poverty-related interventions causing habitat destruction and excessivewild harvesting. A narrow major crop base exists in environments often unsuitable to theapproximately 150 widely cultivated species developed for 'commercial' environments. Thismajor output will harness knowledge on lesser-known species and their environmentalrequirements, which will help local institutions to decide on diversification for incomestability, food security and environmental stabilization.FAO's multidisciplinary approach and global networking capacity can identifyspecies contacts and integrate scattered information into an ecologically-related knowledgeprocessing system to better respond to member's and other's requests. Information includingillustrations, references, contacts, specific methodologies and glossary terms will be gatheredfrom publications, institutions and individuals and collated into species monographs to bedelivered through the Internet, via CD-ROMs and hard-copy downloads. Specifically theoutput will consist of:• EcoPort and other knowledge and training management systems developed to targetplant species adapted to fragile environments; publications on novel crops and novelvarieties of established crops.• Description of Good Agricultural Practices for introduction of new species.• Species-related training tool on crop production, sustainable utilization and benefits.• Networks umbrellaed and participation in network meetings.The Effects of Major Outputs will be:• Easier access to species-specific and structured information presently not covered byother organizations or institutes resulting in better crop management.• Potential for crop base broadening for food security and income generation in fragileecologies identified.169
• Broader knowledge on use of the species and its products increase in networkingpartners and knowledge gathering.The Indicators of Achieving Major Output Effects will be:• Amount of fragmented information and training material on ecozone adapted speciesor varieties collected, structured, requested and delivered through the Internet, CDROMs, FAOR download and hard copy publication and distribution.• Number of species described.• Number of partners working on specific species.Assessment and Promotion of High-value Crops for Distinct Agro-EcologicalEnvironmentsWithin new opportunities, which derive from trade liberalization (GATT Agreement)assistance will be provided to member countries to explore the comparative advantage fordeveloping emerging and high-value horticulture and industrial and specialty crops inaccordance to their agro-ecological potential and socio-economic interest. The aim is toachieve the full agronomic and economic potential to meet the changing needs of producersand consumers. Information will be collated and disseminated on the origin and propagationof high quality planting materials and their agronomic performance under distinct agroecologiesand cropping systems. The advantage of selective high quality produce including"bio-labeled" products will be explored to address specific market niches. Special attentionwill be given to fostering inter-country cooperation and networking amongst scientificinstitutions with the aim of facilitating coordinated research and development initiatives andto eventually complement the requirements for those crops, which are presently not dealtwith by the CGIAR. In this context, priority will be given to principal emerging crops ornew cultivars as diversification options for small-scale farmers and commercial-scaleinitiatives based on out-growers schemes eventually through technology transfer.The Effects of the Major Output will be:• Strengthening of on-going sub-regional, regional and global networking amongscientific institutions and other partners.• Improved knowledge and better use of plant bio-diversity towards diversification anduse of lesser known crops and cultivars with required agronomic and quality traits forlocal markets and export opportunities.• Governments and private sector awareness of the potential for high-value andpromising horticultural and industrial crops as a contribution to the global foodsecurity strategy.• Information on high-value crops and cultivars accessible through informationmaterials and database.The Indicators of Achieving Major Output Effects are:• Expansion of new crops and cultivars in selective agro-ecological areas.• On-going cooperative research and development initiatives.• Commercial and small-scale farmers have adopted new crops species and cultivars asa diversification option.170
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RAP PUBLICATION: 2001/03CROP DIVERS
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CROP DIVERSIFICATION IN THEASIA-PAC
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13. INTENSIFICATION OF CROP DIVERSI
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INTRODUCTORY REMARKSMinas K. Papade
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New opportunities that would benefi
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CROP DIVERSIFICATION IN BANGLADESHM
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(CDP) during 1990/95 in 125 Thanas
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SlName of Crops1 Aus:HYVLocalTable
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Table 4. Trade of Crops/products (I
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through development projects implem
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y the terminal year of the Fifth Pl
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cropping. This has only been possib
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process and export those labour int
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g) restoration/improvement of soil
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8. RECOMMENDATIONSConsidering the i
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enthusiasm of the farmers in their
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3.3 The Formation and Development o
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carried out for years, guarantees t
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environment protection. Special att
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2. CROP PRODUCTION AND ECONOMICS SC
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What is most notable is the change
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8.36 m/ha involved in the area shif
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fact that the area shares of the do
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country. Therefore, a judicious use
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5.3 Emerging Technology and Crop Di
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7. CONCLUSIONSIndia, being a vast c
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Table 3. All India: Temporal Change
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Table 5. All India: Temporal Change
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CROP DIVERSIFICATION IN JAPANMasa I
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production, these ratios were deter
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soybean using paddy fields should c
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food industry have sharply increase
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7. CONCLUSIONSThe Japanese socio-ec
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Figure 2. Change of Rice Productivi
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Figure 4. Aid Provided by Major Cou
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The Natural Rubber (NR) industry co
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About 78 percent of the rubber grow
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should be attractive to justify the
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REFERENCESAnon. 1990. Proceedings o
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Table 3. Agriculture Land Use in Sa
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Table 7. Paddy Production, 1985-199
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Table 10. Imports and Exports of Fr
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Table 14. Exports and Imports of Pr
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CROP DIVERSIFICATION IN NEPALK. C.
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We know hill farmers face many prob
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Table 2. Growth of Agricultural Com
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3. PATTERN OF CROP DIVERSIFICATIONN
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With regard to success stories of c
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5. CHALLENGES, OPPORTUNITIES AND PR
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It recognizes the need for a differ
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CROP DIVERSIFICATION IN THE PHILIPP
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2.3 Yield Per Hectare of Agricultur
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In coconut, diversification means t
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were used in the preparation of the
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There are a variety of factors that
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Table 1. Production Area of Commerc
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Table 3. Yield (tonnes) Per Hectare
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Table 5. Selected Macroeconomic and
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Table 7. Dominant Rice Cropping Pat
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1.2 Soils in the Crop Diversificati
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Table 1. Major Crops, Their Extents
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drained and rice on poorly drained
Page 126 and 127: Figure 3. Schematic Representation
Page 128 and 129: The potato production in the up cou
Page 130 and 131: Table 6 clearly shows that there is
Page 132 and 133: In addition to the above scenario,
Page 134 and 135: 6. GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND STRATEGI
Page 136 and 137: Panabokke, C.R. 1996. Soils and agr
Page 138 and 139: y promoting diversified crops inste
Page 140 and 141: Over the past few years, agricultur
Page 142 and 143: Land TenureMore than half of the Th
Page 144 and 145: The New theory is a novel approach
Page 146 and 147: Mushrooms: nang-fah mushroom (Pleur
Page 148 and 149: - Farmers can sell their rice at a
Page 150 and 151: In order to maintain the growth rat
Page 152 and 153: REFERENCESAthipanan, Withaya. 1995.
Page 154 and 155: CROP DIVERSIFICATION IN VIET NAMNgu
Page 156 and 157: 3. PATTERNS OF CROP DIVERSIFICATION
Page 158 and 159: the contour with mulching using ric
Page 160 and 161: development of new crop varieties a
Page 162 and 163: • Cultivated and growing area und
Page 164 and 165: other hand, the size of an average
Page 166 and 167: 4.1 Crop NutritionA major contribut
Page 168 and 169: increased from 130 million ha to 15
Page 170 and 171: in tobacco nurseries. These also he
Page 172 and 173: past experience. A sustainable prog
Page 174 and 175: diversification, taking into accoun
Page 178 and 179: • Database and information materi
Page 180 and 181: • Business plans have been formul
Page 182 and 183: minimize such losses. The developme
Page 184 and 185: LIST OF PARTICIPANTSBANGLADESHM. En
Page 186 and 187: SRI LANKAH.P.M. GunasenaDirectorPos
Page 188 and 189: FAOR.B. SinghAssistant Director-Gen
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