Crop Diversification in the Asia-Pacific region - United Nations in ...

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Table 2. Growth of Agricultural Commodities 1998/99 (Nepal)Agricultural Commodities Annual/Growth (%)1. Paddy 1.92. Maize 2.33. Wheat 4.04. Millet 3.55. Barley 1.76. Sugar cane 11.67. Oilseed 1.38. Potato 5.79. Pulses 3.5Source: Economic Survey FYP of 1998/99, Ministry of Finance, 1999 HMGN/NepalSo far as trade is concerned, India is and will continue to be the largest export marketfor Nepal's agricultural products, including secondary crops such as lentils, ginger, oilseedsand vegetables. There is scope for import substitution of agricultural products such as sugar,pulses, vegetables, dried chillies and vegetable oils. On the basis of the market investigationthere are a number of crops that will have the potential in any future project includingvegetables and vegetable seeds, sugar cane, soybean, pulses, oilseeds, ginger, potato, chillies(dried), maize and fruits (banana and citrus). All have sufficient annual demand increment towarrant promotion.National mustard oil demand is in deficit by an estimated 27,000 tonnes. Sales arereputed to be increasing by 25 percent per year. The local crop has higher oil recovery ratesthan the imported one.The lentil's export markets are India, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Nepalesedemand is 122,000 tonnes, which exceeds the supply of 113,520 tonnes per annum.Potato production has increased by 8 percent over the last three years to 972,000tonnes per annum, which amounts to 80 percent of the country's requirement. Similarly,Nepal's sugar production was estimated at 95,000 tonnes in 1998/99. Domestic productionhas increased by 250 percent over the last four years. Fifty percent of the domesticrequirement is being met by imports from India.In the Terai, maize is emerging as a commercial crop for processing into glucose,breakfast cereal, animal food and corn oil. The demand for maize is expected to grow by 4percent per year over the next 20 years as a result of increased demand for food in the hillsand in the Terai.The demand for fresh ginger can be termed as optimistic. Export earnings fromginger have doubled over the last three years and domestic household consumption is rising.However dried ginger exports are declining. With regards to dried chillies, imports fromIndia amount to 7,933 tonnes. The study shows that 67 percent of the vegetables consumedin the country originates from India. Off-season vegetable production is considered thesolution for increasing farmers’ income.85
Apart from bananas, the demand for fruit is not optimistic. Bananas are exported toIndia in considerable quantities.The quantities of marketed vegetable seed vary from 350 to 400 tonnes, of which 30percent is exported mainly to Bangladesh. The export and import status of the variouscommodities is indicated in Table 3.Table 3. Export-Import Situation of Agricultural Commodities 1998/99 (Nepal)Commodities Production (Mt) Import (Mt) Export (Mt)1. Paddy 3640860 8489 –P. Rice 2076122 4499 20197P.Bran 256035 – 105002. Wheat 1030320 7858 1112Wheat flour 836731 970 22000Loaf and others 59105 255 13923. Maize (corn) 1367340 10334 –4. Millet 285120 872 3985. Barley 37150 66 386. Other cereals – 890 607. Potato 971680 105649 1368Processed potato – 40 408. Sugar cane 1762580 40 46Sugar 64541 20197 6489. Lentil 113520 – 2292Black gram 17674 308 –Chick peas 13512 – 15010. Vegetable 1449472 98589 171211. Fresh fruits 415167 28736 24258Proceed fruits 1800 2807 1320Dried fruits – – –Source: Agricultural Marketing Information Bulletin (Special Issue, 1999)DOA, Marketing Division, Nepal86
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RAP PUBLICATION: 2001/03CROP DIVERS
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CROP DIVERSIFICATION IN THEASIA-PAC
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13. INTENSIFICATION OF CROP DIVERSI
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INTRODUCTORY REMARKSMinas K. Papade
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New opportunities that would benefi
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CROP DIVERSIFICATION IN BANGLADESHM
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(CDP) during 1990/95 in 125 Thanas
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SlName of Crops1 Aus:HYVLocalTable
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Table 4. Trade of Crops/products (I
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through development projects implem
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y the terminal year of the Fifth Pl
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cropping. This has only been possib
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process and export those labour int
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g) restoration/improvement of soil
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8. RECOMMENDATIONSConsidering the i
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enthusiasm of the farmers in their
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3.3 The Formation and Development o
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carried out for years, guarantees t
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environment protection. Special att
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2. CROP PRODUCTION AND ECONOMICS SC
Page 42 and 43: What is most notable is the change
Page 44 and 45: 8.36 m/ha involved in the area shif
Page 46 and 47: fact that the area shares of the do
Page 48 and 49: country. Therefore, a judicious use
Page 50 and 51: 5.3 Emerging Technology and Crop Di
Page 52 and 53: 7. CONCLUSIONSIndia, being a vast c
Page 54 and 55: Table 3. All India: Temporal Change
Page 56 and 57: Table 5. All India: Temporal Change
Page 58 and 59: CROP DIVERSIFICATION IN JAPANMasa I
Page 60 and 61: production, these ratios were deter
Page 62 and 63: soybean using paddy fields should c
Page 64 and 65: food industry have sharply increase
Page 66 and 67: 7. CONCLUSIONSThe Japanese socio-ec
Page 68 and 69: Figure 2. Change of Rice Productivi
Page 70 and 71: Figure 4. Aid Provided by Major Cou
Page 72 and 73: The Natural Rubber (NR) industry co
Page 74 and 75: About 78 percent of the rubber grow
Page 76 and 77: should be attractive to justify the
Page 78 and 79: REFERENCESAnon. 1990. Proceedings o
Page 80 and 81: Table 3. Agriculture Land Use in Sa
Page 82 and 83: Table 7. Paddy Production, 1985-199
Page 84 and 85: Table 10. Imports and Exports of Fr
Page 86 and 87: Table 14. Exports and Imports of Pr
Page 88 and 89: CROP DIVERSIFICATION IN NEPALK. C.
Page 90 and 91: We know hill farmers face many prob
Page 94 and 95: 3. PATTERN OF CROP DIVERSIFICATIONN
Page 96 and 97: With regard to success stories of c
Page 98 and 99: 5. CHALLENGES, OPPORTUNITIES AND PR
Page 100 and 101: It recognizes the need for a differ
Page 102 and 103: CROP DIVERSIFICATION IN THE PHILIPP
Page 104 and 105: 2.3 Yield Per Hectare of Agricultur
Page 106 and 107: In coconut, diversification means t
Page 108 and 109: were used in the preparation of the
Page 110 and 111: There are a variety of factors that
Page 112 and 113: Table 1. Production Area of Commerc
Page 114 and 115: Table 3. Yield (tonnes) Per Hectare
Page 116 and 117: Table 5. Selected Macroeconomic and
Page 118 and 119: Table 7. Dominant Rice Cropping Pat
Page 120 and 121: 1.2 Soils in the Crop Diversificati
Page 122 and 123: Table 1. Major Crops, Their Extents
Page 124 and 125: drained and rice on poorly drained
Page 126 and 127: Figure 3. Schematic Representation
Page 128 and 129: The potato production in the up cou
Page 130 and 131: Table 6 clearly shows that there is
Page 132 and 133: In addition to the above scenario,
Page 134 and 135: 6. GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND STRATEGI
Page 136 and 137: Panabokke, C.R. 1996. Soils and agr
Page 138 and 139: y promoting diversified crops inste
Page 140 and 141: Over the past few years, agricultur
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Land TenureMore than half of the Th
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The New theory is a novel approach
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Mushrooms: nang-fah mushroom (Pleur
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- Farmers can sell their rice at a
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In order to maintain the growth rat
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REFERENCESAthipanan, Withaya. 1995.
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CROP DIVERSIFICATION IN VIET NAMNgu
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3. PATTERNS OF CROP DIVERSIFICATION
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the contour with mulching using ric
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development of new crop varieties a
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• Cultivated and growing area und
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other hand, the size of an average
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4.1 Crop NutritionA major contribut
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increased from 130 million ha to 15
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in tobacco nurseries. These also he
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past experience. A sustainable prog
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diversification, taking into accoun
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The major outputs are:- Integration
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• Database and information materi
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• Business plans have been formul
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minimize such losses. The developme
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LIST OF PARTICIPANTSBANGLADESHM. En
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SRI LANKAH.P.M. GunasenaDirectorPos
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FAOR.B. SinghAssistant Director-Gen
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