Biofuel co-products as livestock feed - Opportunities and challenges

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Sustainable and competitive use of co-products as feed in the rural bio-ethanol industry 283Photo 3Different forms of nutritional supplement and standard packagingTABLE 7General characteristics of a nutritional supplement in mealformRaw materialInclusion level(%)Nutritional composition (%)Pre-digest bagasse 24.45 Crude protein 24.0Clarifications sludge 35.86 NPN (max.) 0.9Filter cake 4.63 TDN 34.0Molasses B 9.90 Ca 2.21Other Ingredients 25.16 P 1.00Total 100.00 S 0.36Notes: Other ingredients comprise NaCl, flowers of sulphur, dicalciumphosphate, sodium bentonite, urea, mineral premix. NPN = Non-proteinnitrogen; TDN = Total digestible nutrients.Source: CLAYUCA, 2009TABLE 8Bromatological composition of two nutritional supplements(energy and protein), elaborated as blocks and meals, usingvinasse and other products and co-products from sugarcane-based biofuel processingNutrientsProteinsupplementEnergysupplementBlock Meal Block MealDry matter (%) 78.0 93.4 79.0 94.2Organic matter (%) 67.6 59.4 67.7 65.0Crude protein (%) 33.1 39.5 9.6 17.2Fat 0.8 2.2 1.3 1.6Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN) 65.5 64.3 69.9 65.5Source: Ruminants Nutrition Laboratory-LANUR. UFRGS, 2007. Pers.Comm.sumption of degradable protein in the rumen and energyconsumption (TDN), in animals grazing pastures of low tomedium quality. At least 25 percent of the total nitrogen inthe nutritional supplement is from true protein and the restis non-protein nitrogen.The multinutritional blocks based on co-products andeffluents from ethanol production are very attractive inthe market because they have good palatability and goodlevels of protein and energy (i.e. TDN) (Loaiza, 2008; Torres,2010). The microbiological quality of the nutritional supplementsdeveloped by CLAYUCA was measured under differingstorage conditions to check if they were meeting thequality standards and guidelines established by Colombianlegislation (implemented through Instituto ColombianoAgropecuario – ICA). The products were stored accordingto the conditions recommended in the local standardsfor Good Manufacturing Practices for Food (BPFA), whichrequire that after 40 days the nutritional supplements mustretain their intrinsic characteristics and have good microbiologicalstatus.
284Biofuel co-products as livestock feed – Opportunities and challengesTABLE 9Microbiological analysis of multinutritional blocks made with co-products and effluents from sugar cane-based ethanolproductionAnalysis Nutritional block ICA SpecificationCount of mesophile aerobic micro-organisms (CFU/ml) 1 × 10 6 Up to 1 000 000 CFU/gCount of fungi (CFU/mL)
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BIOFUEL CO-PRODUCTS AS LIVESTOCK FE
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Recommended citationFAO. 2012. Biof
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vco-products to swine - Feeding cru
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viiCHAPTER 22Use of Pongamia glabra
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ixPrefaceHumans are faced with majo
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xiiCBMCBSCCDSCCKCDOCDSCFCFBCFRCGECI
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xivHCHOHClHCNHisH-JPKMHMCHPDDGHPDDG
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xviPPbPCVPDPEMPFADPhePJPKCPKEPKMPKO
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xviiiWBPWCGFWDGWDGSWDGSHWPCWTWWWNSK
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2Biofuel co-products as livestock f
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10Biofuel co-products as livestock
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35Chapter 3Impact of United States
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Impact of United States biofuels co
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101Chapter 6Hydrogen sulphide: synt
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Hydrogen sulphide in cattle fed co-
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155Chapter 8Utilization of crude gl
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Utilization of crude glycerin in be
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209Chapter 11Co-products from biofu
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Co-products from biofuel production
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Page 251 and 252: 232Biofuel co-products as livestock
Page 294 and 295: 275Chapter 15Sustainable and compet
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351Chapter 21Use of detoxified jatr
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Use of detoxified jatropha kernel m
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379Chapter 22Use of Pongamia glabra
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Use of Pongamia glabra (karanj) and
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403Chapter 23Co-products of the Uni
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Co-products of the United States bi
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467Chapter 26An assessment of the p
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An assessment of the potential dema
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483Chapter 27Biofuels: their co-pro
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Biofuels: their co-products and wat
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501Chapter 28Utilization of co-prod
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Utilization of co-products of the b
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523Contributing authorsSouheila Abb
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Contributing authors 525for the Fee
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Contributing authors 527Friederike
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Contributing authors 529Sustainable
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Contributing authors 531During the
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Contributing authors 533(Hons.) and
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Biofuel co-products as livestock feed - Opportunities and challenges

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