Biofuel co-products as livestock feed - Opportunities and challenges

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Biofuels: their co-products and water impacts in the context of life-cycle analysis 499Arora, S., Wu, M. & Wang, M. 2010. Estimated displacedproducts and ratios of distillers’ co-products from cornethanol plants and the implications of life-cycle analysis.Biofuels, 1: 911–922.Allen, D.T. & Shonnard, D.A. (editors). 2002. GreenEngineering: Environmentally conscious design of chemicalprocesses. Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey,USA. See pp. 421–432.Bauen, A., Chudziak, C., Vad, K. & Watson, P. 2010.A causal descriptive approach to modelling the GHGemissions associated with the indirect land use impacts ofbiofuels. Final report. A study for the UK Department forTransport. Available at http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/roads/environment/research/biofuels/pdf/report.pdf Accessed 26August 2011.CARB [California Air Resources Board]. 2009. Proposedregulation for implementing low carbon fuel standards.Staff report: initial statement of reasons, Vol. 1. 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Environmental management – life cycle assessment –principles and framework. Standard 14040.Jones, S., Valkenburg, C., Walton, C., Elliott, D., Holladay, J.& Stevens, D. 2009. Production of gasoline and diesel frombiomass via fast pyrolysis, hydrotreating and hydrocracking.Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Technical Report,PNNL-18284 Rev. 1.Keeney, D. & Muller, M. 2006. Water use by ethanol plants– potential challenges. Institute for Agriculture and TradePolicy. Available at http://www.agobservatory.org/library.cfm?refid=89449 Accessed 30 June 2011.Mueller, S. 2010. 2008 National dry mill corn ethanol survey.Biotechnology Letters, 32: 1261–1264.Phillips, S., Aden, A., Jechura, J., Dayton, D. & Eggeman,T. 2007. Thermochemical ethanol via indirect gasificationand mixed alcohol synthesis of lignocellulosic biomass.National Renewable Energy Laboratory Technical Report,TP-510-41168.RFA [Renewable Fuels Association]. 2011. 2011 EthanolIndustry Outlook. Available at http://ethanolrfa.org/pages/annual-industry-outlook Accessed 9 June 2011.Scordia, D., Cosentino, S.L., Lee, J.W. & Jeffries, T.W. 2011.Dilute oxalic acid pre-treatment for bio-refining giant reed(Arundo donax L). Biomass & Bioenergy, 35(7): 3018–3024.Searchinger, T., Heimlich, R., Houghton, R.A., Dong, F.,Elobeid, A., Fabiosa, J., Tokgoz, S., Hayes, D. & Yu,T.H. 2008. Use of U.S. croplands for biofuels increasesgreenhouse gases through emissions from land-use change.Science, 319: 1238–1240.Shapouri, H. & McAloon, A. 2004. The 2001 energy balanceof corn ethanol. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office ofthe Chief Economist, Report. Washington, DC, USA. 6 p.Shapouri, H., Duffield, J.A. & Graboski, M.S. 1995.Estimating the new energy balance of corn ethanol. U.S.Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service,Report, AER-721. Washington, DC, USA 15 p.Shapouri, H., Duffield, J.A. & Wang, M. 2002. The energybalance of corn ethanol: an update. 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500Biofuel co-products as livestock feed – Opportunities and challengesUSDA [United States Department of Agriculture]. 2003.2003 farm and ranch irrigation survey, Available at http://www.agcensus.usda.gov/Publications/2002/FRIS/index.aspAccessed 30 June 2011.USDA. 2008. USDA 2008 farm and ranch irrigationsurvey. Available at http://www.agcensus.usda.gov/Publications/2007/Online_Highlights/Farm_and_Ranch_Irrigation_Survey/index.asp Accessed 15 August 2011.USDA. 2011. Fertilizer Use and Price. Available at http://www.ers.usda.gov/Data/FertilizerUse/ Accessed 8 August 2011.USDA/NASS. 2011. Database for corn yield. Available athttp://www.nass.usda.gov/Data_and_Statistics/index.aspAccessed 15 August 2011.Wang, M., Wu, M. & Huo, H. 2007. Life-cycle energy andgreenhouse gas emission impacts of different corn ethanolplant types. Environmental Research Letters, 2: 024001.Wang, M., Huo, H. & Arora, S. 2011. Methods of dealingwith co-products of biofuels in life-cycle analysis andconsequent results within the U.S. context. Energy Policy,39(10): 5726–5736.Wang, M., Wu, M., Huo, H. & Liu, J. 2008. Life-cycleenergy use and greenhouse gas emission implications ofBrazilian sugarcane ethanol simulated with the GREETmodel. International Sugar Journal, 110: 527–545.Wang, M.Q., Han, J., Haq, Z., Tyner, W.E., Wu, M. &Elgowainy, A. 2011. Energy and greenhouse gas emissioneffects of corn and cellulosic ethanol with technologyimprovements and land use changes. Biomass and Bioenergy,35: 1885–1896.Wu, M. 2008. Analysis of the efficiency of the U.S. ethanolindustry, 2007. Available at http://www.ethanolrfa.org/page/-/rfa-association-site/studies/argonne2007.pdf?nocdn=1 Accessed 30 June 2011.Wu, M. & Chiu, Y. 2011. Consumptive water use in theproduction of ethanol and petroleum gasoline – 2011update. Argonne National Laboratory Technical Report,ANL/ESD/09-1 – Update.Wu, M., Mintz, M., Wang, M. & Arora, S. 2009. Waterconsumption in the production of ethanol and petroleumgasoline. Environmental Management, 44: 981–997.
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BIOFUEL CO-PRODUCTS AS LIVESTOCK FE
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Recommended citationFAO. 2012. Biof
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vco-products to swine - Feeding cru
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viiCHAPTER 22Use of Pongamia glabra
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ixPrefaceHumans are faced with majo
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xiiCBMCBSCCDSCCKCDOCDSCFCFBCFRCGECI
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xivHCHOHClHCNHisH-JPKMHMCHPDDGHPDDG
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xviPPbPCVPDPEMPFADPhePJPKCPKEPKMPKO
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xviiiWBPWCGFWDGWDGSWDGSHWPCWTWWWNSK
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2Biofuel co-products as livestock f
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10Biofuel co-products as livestock
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35Chapter 3Impact of United States
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Impact of United States biofuels co
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101Chapter 6Hydrogen sulphide: synt
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Hydrogen sulphide in cattle fed co-
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155Chapter 8Utilization of crude gl
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Utilization of crude glycerin in be
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209Chapter 11Co-products from biofu
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Co-products from biofuel production
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275Chapter 15Sustainable and compet
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Sustainable and competitive use of
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291Chapter 16Scope for utilizing su
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Scope for utilizing sugar cane baga
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303Chapter 17Camelina sativa in pou
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Camelina sativa in poultry diets: o
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311Chapter 18Utilization of lipid c
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Utilization of lipid co-products of
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351Chapter 21Use of detoxified jatr
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Use of detoxified jatropha kernel m
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379Chapter 22Use of Pongamia glabra
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Use of Pongamia glabra (karanj) and
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403Chapter 23Co-products of the Uni
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Co-products of the United States bi
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Page 467 and 468: 448Biofuel co-products as livestock
Page 486 and 487: 467Chapter 26An assessment of the p
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Page 542 and 543: 523Contributing authorsSouheila Abb
Page 544 and 545: Contributing authors 525for the Fee
Page 546 and 547: Contributing authors 527Friederike
Page 548 and 549: Contributing authors 529Sustainable
Page 550 and 551: Contributing authors 531During the
Page 552: Contributing authors 533(Hons.) and
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