Biofuel co-products as livestock feed - Opportunities and challenges

Impact of United States biofuels co-products on the feed industry 59evaluation of channel catfish fed diets containingdifferent percentages of distiller’s grains with solubles. TheProgressive Fish-Culturist, 55: 95–100.Whitney, M.H., Shurson, G.C. & Guedes, R.C. 2006. Effectof including distillers dried grains with solubles in the diet,with or without antimicrobial regimen, on the ability ofgrowing pigs to resist a Lawsonia intracellularis challenge.Journal of Animal Science, 84: 1870–1879.Widmer, M.R., McGinnis, L.M. & Stein, H.H. 2007. Energy,phosphorus, and amino acid digestibility of high-proteindistillers dried grains and corn germ fed to growing pigs.Journal of Animal Science, 85: 2994–3003.Widmer, M.R., McGinnis, L.M., Wulf, D.M. & Stein, H.H.2008. Effects of feeding distillers dried grains with solubles,high protein distillers dried grains, and corn germ togrowing-finishing pigs on pig performance, carcass quality,and the palatability of pork. Journal of Animal Science,86: 1819–1831.Wilson, R.P. & Poe, W.E. 1985. Effects of feeding soybeanmeal with varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth offingerling channel catfish. Aquaculture, 46: 19–25.Wu, Y.V., Rosati, R.R. & Brown, P.B. 1996. Effect of dietscontaining various levels of protein and ethanol co-productsfrom corn on growth of tilapia fry. Journal of Agriculturaland Food Chemistry, 44: 1491–1493.Wu, Y.V., Rosati, R.R. & Brown, P.B. 1997. Use of cornderivedethanol co-products and synthetic lysine andtryptophan for growth of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry.Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 45: 2174–2177.Wu, Y.V., Rosati, R.R., Sessa, D.J. & Brown, P.B. 1994.Utilization of protein-rich ethanol co-products from corn intilapia feed. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society,71: 1041–1043.Xu, W., Reddy, N. & Yang, Y. 2007. An acidic method ofzein extraction from DDGS. Journal of Agricultural and FoodChemistry, 55(15): 6279–6284.Zhang, Y., Caupert, J., Imerman, P.M., Richard, J.L. &Shurson, G.C. 2009. The occurrence and concentrationof mycotoxins in USA distiller’s dried grains and solubles.DG Technology Council Conference, Des Moines, IA, USA.22–23 April 2009.