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Biofuel co-products as livestock feed - Opportunities and challenges

Biofuel co-products as livestock feed - Opportunities and challenges

Biofuel co-products as livestock feed - Opportunities and challenges

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Status of biofuels in India <strong>and</strong> s<strong>co</strong>pe of utilizing c<strong>as</strong>tor (Ricinus <strong>co</strong>mmunis) cake – a biofuel <strong>co</strong>-product – <strong>as</strong> <strong>livestock</strong> <strong>feed</strong> 349Thorpe, S.C., Kemeny, D.M., Panzani, R.C., Mcgurl, B. &Lord, M. 1988. Allergy to c<strong>as</strong>tor bean. II. Identification ofthe major allergens in c<strong>as</strong>tor bean-seeds. Journal of Allergy<strong>and</strong> Clinical Immunology, 82(1): 67–72.Thoyts, P.J.E., Napier, J.A. & Millichip, M. 1996.Characterisation of a sunflower seed albumin which<strong>as</strong>sociates with oil bodies. Plant Science, 118: 119–126.UNIDO [United National Industrial DevelopmentOrganization]. 1989. Final Report. The production of nontoxicc<strong>as</strong>tor bean meal. UNIDO, Vienna, Austria.USDA [United States Department of Agriculture]. 2010.India, <strong>Biofuel</strong>s Annual, 2010. GAIN Report IN-1058. ForeignAgricultural Service, New Delhi.Vilhjálmsdóttir, L. & Fisher, H. 1971. C<strong>as</strong>tor bean meal<strong>as</strong> a protein source for chickens: detoxification <strong>and</strong>determination of limiting amino acids. Journal of Nutrition,107: 1185–1192.

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