joint strategic needs assessment foundation profile - JSNA

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8.4 Smoking
8.4.1 Smoking as a Risk Factor
Action on Smoking and Health (ASH) has collated information on the contribution of
smoking to mortality from different causes of death. From ASH‟s factsheet (Action on
Smoking and Health 2008), “One in two long-term smokers will die prematurely as a result
of smoking – half of these in middle age. The most recent estimates show that around
114,000 people in the UK are killed by smoking every year, accounting for one fifth of all
UK deaths (Peto, Lopez et al. 2006). Most die from one of the three main diseases
associated with cigarette smoking: lung cancer, chronic obstructive lung disease
(bronchitis and emphysema) and coronary heart disease. Table 96 shows the
percentage and numbers of deaths attributable to smoking, based on 2002 deaths (Royal
College of Physicians 2000; General Register Office for Scotland 2002; Office for National
Statistics 2002; Registrar General Northern Ireland and Statistics Research Agency
2002). Deaths caused by smoking are five times higher than the 22,833 deaths arising
from: traffic accidents (3,439); poisoning and overdose (881); alcoholic liver disease
(5,121); other accidental deaths (8,579); murder and manslaughter (513); suicide
(4,066); and HIV infection (234) in the UK during 2002.”
Table 96: Estimated number and percentage of deaths attributable to smoking in the UK
by cause of death, 2002
Cause of death Deaths in the UK from disease estimated
to be caused by smoking 2002
Men Women Tot Men Women Tot
Cancer
Respiratory
N N N % % %
Lung 18,002 10,032 28,034 89 75 84
Upper respiratory 525 85 610 74 50 66
Oesophagus 3,248 1,743 4,991 71 65 68
Bladder 1,521 318 1,839 47 19 37
Kidney 788 72 860 40 6 27
Stomach 1,385 266 1,651 35 11 26
Pancreas 670 923 1,593 20 26 23
Myeloid Leukaemia 264 131 395 19 11 15
COPD 13,193 10,685 23878 86 81 84
Pneumonia 3,162 2,900 6062 23 13 17
Ischaemic heart disease 14,182 6,361 20,543 22 12 17
Cerebrovascular disease 3,064 3,764 6,828 12 9 10
Circulatory Aortic aneurysm 3,652 1,939 5,591 61 52 57
Myocardial degeneration 6,670 2,936 9,606 22 12 15
Atherosclerosis 63 56 119 15 7 10
Digestive Stomach/duodenum ulcer 907 1,008 1,915 45 45 45
Total caused by smoking 71,296 43,219 114,597
Preventable Parkinson's 1,369 549 1,918 55 28 43
by smoking Endometrium cancer 260 260 17 17
Total prevented by smoking 1,369 809 2,178
Deaths from all causes due to
smoking (causes less prevented)
69,927 42,410 112,337
Joint Strategic Needs Assessment Foundation Profile – Hull Health Profile: Release 3. March 2011. 245