Field ArTillery - US Army Center Of Military History

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used to defend fixed positions. This volume deals with both field and position artillery in the United States Army from 1775 to 1901, after which the two concepts were recognized as sufficiently different to warrant division into branches, and with field artillery from the latter date through the 1990s. Position artillery from 1901 and its evolution into antiaircraft artillery more appropriately belongs in a history of air defense artillery. Footnotes citing works that are included in the bibliography give the full name of the author; the complete main title (no subtitle) of the book, article, or dissertation or thesis; the publication and/or university data; and the relevant page number(s). Works not listed in the bibliography are cited in full at first mention in each chapter, with subsequent references in the same chapter shortened. Dissertations or theses are identified as such to avoid any confusion with articles. All abbreviations used in the footnotes are explained in the list of abbreviations and acronyms. Many individuals are deserving of mention for their assistance and support over the years of researching and writing this volume. I would like to thank the late Brig. Gen. James L. Collins, USA (Ret.), who as Chief of Military History and as a former field artillery officer often shared his broad professional knowledge and experience, as well as Stanley Russell Connor, coauthor of the lineage volume Armor-Cavalry, who as former Chief, Organiza tional History Branch, and Supervisory Historian, Historical Services Division, offered excellent improvements for the narrative and provided overall guidance and inspi ration for revising the entire series. I also benefited from the perceptive comments and suggestions of many colleagues in the historical community: Dr. Allan R. Millett; Lt. Col. William G. McAninch, USA (Ret.); the late Mary T. Cagle; U.S. Army Field Artillery School personnel, including Dr. Boyd L. Dastrup; the late Billy C. Mossman; Dr. Richard J. Sommers; and Dr. Daniel Beaver. Finally, I am indebted to the Center of Military History review panel—the late Dr. Robert W. Coakley, chairman, who also shared his experiences as a member of a fire direction center during World War II; the late Lt. Gen. David E. Ott, USA (Ret.); Dr. Jay Luvaas; Lt. Col. Charles R. Shrader, USA (Ret.); George L. MacGarrigle; Dr. Graham A. Cosmas; Dr. Norman M. Cary Jr.; and Joanne Fringer. The critiques were helpful and constructive, making it possible for me to improve the manuscript considerably. Another team of professionals at the Center of Military History, Library of Congress, and National Archives assisted in readying the manuscript for publication— an intense process spearheaded by my editor Joanne M. Brignolo, who demonstrated a remarkable capacity for coming to terms with a complex subject and provided critical input for shaping the final narrative and supporting graphics to achieve overall precision and consistency, and Alisa Robinson who ushered the manuscript through its final production stages. The mutual quest for verification and accuracy of textual details and sources made it necessary to rely on the technical expertise and indispensable assistance of Walter H. Bradford, Miguel Valdez, Edgar F. Raines, Frank R. Shirer, James B. Knight, Patricia A. Ames, Darren R. Jones, Michael P. Musick, and Mitchell Yockelson. I would like to express special appreciation to John A. Paschal for his support in locating many of the illustrations and also to the production designer Gene Snyder for creating a handsome final product. x
To all of those involved in the completion of the volume through their knowledge, advice, and encouragement, I am sincerely grateful. But despite their best efforts on my behalf, I alone assume full responsibility not only for the interpretations and conclusions reached but also for any errors that may be found. Washington, D.C. JANICE E. MCKENNEY 31 May 2006
Page 1: The Organizational History of Field
Page 4 and 5: Civil War Flag (nonregulation), wit
Page 6 and 7: Library of Congress Cataloging-in-P
Page 9: FOREWORD The Organizational History
Page 15 and 16: CONTENTS Chapter Page 1. THE BEGINN
Page 17 and 18: Chapter xv Page ABBREVIATIONS AND A
Page 19 and 20: Chapter xvii Page Sound-ranging equ
Page 21: Field Artillery 1775-2003
Page 24 and 25: 4 The OrganizaTiOnal hisTOry Of fie
Page 30 and 31: 10 The OrganizaTiOnal hisTOry Of fi
Page 48 and 49: Regimental Staff Table 3—Artiller
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Battle of Palo Alto by Klauprecht &
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44 The OrganizaTiOnal hisTOry Of fi
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Table 6—Standard Field Pieces Use
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Table 8—Artillery Organization, A
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Table 9—Artillery Organization, A
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CHAPTER 4 Diverging Missions Betwee
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diverging missiOns tactics for infa
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diverging missiOns possibili ties o
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diverging missiOns The Gatling Guns
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diverging missiOns of War William C
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diverging missiOns high-angle fire
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Table 10—Artillery Organization,
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diverging missiOns Artillery in act
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diverging missiOns Artillery in act
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diverging missiOns Although neglect
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Direct Fire Gun A Aiming Point Diag
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100 The OrganizaTiOnal hisTOry Of f
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126 THE ORGANIZATIONAL HISTORY OF F
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Table 11—Field Artillery Pieces R
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Table 12—Field Artillery Transpor
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CHAPTER 7 World War II Developments
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wOrld war ii 159 blow, and the thir
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wOrld war ii L-4 from the 29th Infa
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wOrld war ii 163 authorized six 105
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wOrld war ii Airborne troops loadin
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wOrld war ii 167 artillery battalio
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wOrld war ii Table 16—Principal A
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wOrld war ii Table 17—Nondivision
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wOrld war ii Destroyer Training Cen
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Firing 4.5-inch rockets in the Hür
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wOrld war ii 177 of division artil
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wOrld war ii 179 the for mer was pr
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wOrld war ii 15th Field Artillery O
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wOrld war ii as well, passed missio
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wOrld war ii 185 photographs), and
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wOrld war ii 187 After nearly six y
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CHAPTER 9 The Nuclear Arena The Kor
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The nUclear arena 211 time that rad
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The nUclear arena Honest John rocke
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The nUclear arena Corporal missile
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The nUclear arena 217 and firepower
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The nUclear arena 219 In light of n
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The nUclear arena 221 the missile c
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The nUclear arena Lacrosse missile
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The nUclear arena 225 cost over $10
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The nUclear arena his proposal the
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The nUclear arena Little John rocke
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The nUclear arena 231 fire it withi
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The nUclear arena 233 for rapid che
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The nUclear arena Lance missile 235
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The nUclear arena 237 By the end of
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The nUclear arena 239 In the late 1
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Table 23—Field Artillery Rockets
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CHAPTER 10 The Road to Flexible Res
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse 245 a
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Table 24—Comparison of Divisional
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse 249 p
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse Chart
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse Chart
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Chart 4—Reorganization of Regimen
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse 257 d
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse HHB C
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse reorg
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse M18 f
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse UH-1D
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CHAPTER 11 Vietnam During the 1950s
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vieTnam Table 25—Field Artillery
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vieTnam CH-54 Tarhe lifting a 155-m
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vieTnam 8-inch howitzer from Batter
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vieTnam 275 At each maneuver comman
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CH-47 Chinook transporting the M102
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vieTnam 279 ployed to Vietnam in la
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vieTnam 281 arose. A field artiller
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vieTnam ments were authorized, usin
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Table 26—Field Artillery Reductio
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Appendix A—Chiefs of Field Artill
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aPPendiX Maj. Gen. John A. Dubia 15
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Field ArTillery - US Army Center Of Military History

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