Field ArTillery - US Army Center Of Military History

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134 THE ORGANIZATIONAL HISTORY OF FIELD ARTILLERY Tractor hauling a 4.7-inch gun to a firing position at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, in 1918 progress waned, how ever, because of a lack of funds and because the designs developed were not mecha nically reliable and the weight of the larger models exceeded bridging capacities. Army leaders also did not clearly see the value of self-propelled artillery. 17 Some relief appeared for the Army’s motorization program in 1933, when Congress authorized the purchase of $10 million worth of automotive equipment through the Public Works Administration (PWA). With the passage of the National Recovery Act of 1933, which was designed to help the nation recover from the Depression, the PWA was established to coordinate the work relief system. Its motorization program aided the depressed automobile industry considerably while improving the Army’s artillery. 18 In 1931, the War Department had approved the organization of a truck-drawn 75-mm. gun battery for testing by the Field Artillery Board, which had relocated from Fort Sill to Fort Bragg, North Carolina, in 1922. The battery used Ford trucks as prime movers. Because of a shortage in high-speed tractors and because trucks were less expensive, the use of the latter for towing all but the heaviest of guns 17 Annual Rpt, CofFA, FY1922, pp. 3, 22, file 319.12, box 637, Entry 37a, RG 407, NARA; Cary, “Motor Vehicles,” Ph.D. diss., pp. 185–86. 18 Annual Rpt, CofFA, FY1934, p. 4, file 319.12, box 1329, Entry 37g, RG 407, NARA; Sunderland, Field Artillery School, pp. 122–24.
BETWEEN THE WARS Experimental self-propelled gun at Fort Eustis, Virginia, in 1931 135 and howitzers was most common. The Army also began to experi ment with halftrack vehicles for use as prime movers and transportation in the 1930s. Because of the success of tests for motorizing the 75-mm. guns, PWA funds were obtained for motorizing all light artillery units in the National Guard, and in August 1933, Chief of Field Artillery Maj. Gen. Harry G. Bishop requested that the Field Artillery School modify its courses so that officers could receive instruction in truck-drawn artillery. 19 In December 1933, the War Department announced its motorization policy for the Regular Army: All field artillery in the Hawaiian and Philippine Departments, one-half of the divisional 75-mm. gun batteries serving in the United States, one battalion of 75-mm. guns serving with the experimen tal mechan ized cavalry force, all medium and heavy artillery units, and the field trains of horse-drawn, horse, and pack artillery units were to be motorized. In a memorandum for Chief of Staff General Douglas MacArthur, the G–3, commenting upon the con tinuation of the motorization 19 In NARA, RG 407, file 319.12, see Annual Rpts, CofFA: FY1933, pp. 8, 10, box 1331, Entry 37g; FY1934, pp. 2–4, box 1329, Entry 37g; and FY1935, pp. 3, 6, 8, box 370, Entry 37i. See also Sunderland, Field Artillery School, pp. 122–23. The Field Artillery School was officially redesignated as such in January 1920, although general usage of the term had begun in the spring of 1919 while it was still the School of Fire.
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The Organizational History of Field
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Civil War Flag (nonregulation), wit
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-P
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FOREWORD The Organizational History
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used to defend fixed positions. Thi
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CONTENTS Chapter Page 1. THE BEGINN
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Chapter xv Page ABBREVIATIONS AND A
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Chapter xvii Page Sound-ranging equ
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Field Artillery 1775-2003
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4 The OrganizaTiOnal hisTOry Of fie
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10 The OrganizaTiOnal hisTOry Of fi
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Regimental Staff Table 3—Artiller
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Battle of Palo Alto by Klauprecht &
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Table 6—Standard Field Pieces Use
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Table 8—Artillery Organization, A
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Table 9—Artillery Organization, A
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CHAPTER 4 Diverging Missions Betwee
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diverging missiOns tactics for infa
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diverging missiOns possibili ties o
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diverging missiOns The Gatling Guns
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wOrld war ii 185 photographs), and
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wOrld war ii 187 After nearly six y
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190 The OrganizaTiOnal hisTOry Of f
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CHAPTER 9 The Nuclear Arena The Kor
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The nUclear arena 211 time that rad
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The nUclear arena Honest John rocke
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The nUclear arena Corporal missile
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The nUclear arena 217 and firepower
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The nUclear arena 219 In light of n
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The nUclear arena 221 the missile c
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The nUclear arena Lacrosse missile
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The nUclear arena 225 cost over $10
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The nUclear arena his proposal the
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The nUclear arena Little John rocke
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The nUclear arena 231 fire it withi
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The nUclear arena 233 for rapid che
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The nUclear arena Lance missile 235
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The nUclear arena 237 By the end of
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The nUclear arena 239 In the late 1
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Table 23—Field Artillery Rockets
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CHAPTER 10 The Road to Flexible Res
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse 245 a
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Table 24—Comparison of Divisional
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse 249 p
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse Chart
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse Chart
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Chart 4—Reorganization of Regimen
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse 257 d
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse HHB C
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse reorg
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse M18 f
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse UH-1D
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CHAPTER 11 Vietnam During the 1950s
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vieTnam Table 25—Field Artillery
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vieTnam CH-54 Tarhe lifting a 155-m
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vieTnam 8-inch howitzer from Batter
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vieTnam 275 At each maneuver comman
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CH-47 Chinook transporting the M102
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vieTnam 279 ployed to Vietnam in la
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vieTnam 281 arose. A field artiller
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vieTnam ments were authorized, usin
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Table 26—Field Artillery Reductio
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Appendix A—Chiefs of Field Artill
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aPPendiX Maj. Gen. John A. Dubia 15
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