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394 The OrganizaTiOnal hisTOry Of field arTillery West Point, Ky., 100 West Point, N.Y., 15–16, 17, 19, 22. See also Military Academy, United States. Western Electric Company, 210 Westervelt, Brig. Gen. William I., 126, 127 Westervelt board, 126, 128–29, 130, 133, 138, 143, 147 Westmoreland, General William C., 269, 270 White Sands Missile Range, N.M., 210 White Sands Proving Ground, 210 Whitworth. See under Guns. Wickham, General John A., Jr., 288 Wilderness campaign, 67 Wilson, Charles F., 218 Wood, Maj. Gen. Leonard, 106 Wool, Brig. Gen. John E., 44 World War I, 97, 109–27. See also American Expeditionary Forces; Trench warfare. aerial observation, 122, 149 ammunition expenditure, 116, 119, 123, 127 antiaircraft artillery, 114, 115, 116 army organization, 111, 115, 140 Artillery Information Service, 122 barrages, 119, 120, 121, 123, 139 British support, 117, 149 Chief of Field Artillery, 117 Coast Artillery Corps and heavy artillery, 115–16 communication, 114, 120, 121, 127 corps artillery, 108, 111, 112, 115 counterbattery fire, 121 creation of AEF Chief of Artillery, 119 expansion of artillery, 109–11 fire direction difficulties, 121 flash ranging, 122 and indirect fire, 121–22 infantry division artillery, 111, 112, 113, 114–15, 116, 121. See also Field Artillery Brigades. massed fire, 119, 121, 123 and motorization, 115, 323 National Army, 106, 110 National Guard artillery, 109, 110 naval fire support, 115, 140 numbering system for regiments, 110–11 Organized Reserve Corps, 110 performance of artillery, 95 shift from offense to defense, 119–20 shortages in, 123 sound ranging, 122 static nature of, 203 training, 102n26, 110, 117–19 weapons from France, 112, 116, 117, 123 and volunteers, 106 World War II, 157–87. See also European Theater of Operations; Pacific Theater. 1st Cavalry Division artillery, 167–69 aerial observation, 161, 167, 180, 183–85. See also Observation. airborne division artillery, 164 antiaircraft artillery, 159, 160, 163, 164, 167 armored division artillery, 164–67 artillery groups, 176–77, 179–80 Chief of Field Artillery position eliminated, 159 communications, 161, 182, 184 corps artillery, 173, 176–77, 179, 180–81, 183, 184, 185 counterbattery fire, 158, 170, 176, 181 fire direction center, 163, 173, 179, 182, 184 flash ranging, 180 forward observers, 171, 182–83 ground observation, 171, 180, 182. See also Observation. infantry division artillery, 157–63, 171, 176, 180, 182, 183, 186 infantry howitzer company, 162–63 light infantry division artillery, 163 massed fire, 157, 163, 174, 185, 186 motorized division artillery, 163 mountain division artillery, 163–64 naval fire support, 184, 203 nondivisional artillery, 169–80, 193 heavy, 169, 170–71 light, 170, 171 medium, 169, 170 rockets, 173–76 tank destroyers, 172–73 observation battalion, 180–81. See also Aerial observation; Ground observation; Observation; Targets. prearranged fire, 186 proximity fuze, 186 radar, 180, 181, 185 regimental combat teams, 180 “shell reps,” 186 sound ranging, 181 target location, 180–85 training, 185–86 XRL. See under Missiles, Lance. Yom Kippur War, 300 Yorktown, battle of, 14, 15 Yorktown, Va., 65
PIN : 083497–000
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The Organizational History of Field
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Civil War Flag (nonregulation), wit
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-P
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FOREWORD The Organizational History
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used to defend fixed positions. Thi
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CONTENTS Chapter Page 1. THE BEGINN
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Chapter xv Page ABBREVIATIONS AND A
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Chapter xvii Page Sound-ranging equ
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Field Artillery 1775-2003
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4 The OrganizaTiOnal hisTOry Of fie
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10 The OrganizaTiOnal hisTOry Of fi
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Regimental Staff Table 3—Artiller
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Battle of Palo Alto by Klauprecht &
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Table 6—Standard Field Pieces Use
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Table 8—Artillery Organization, A
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Table 9—Artillery Organization, A
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CHAPTER 4 Diverging Missions Betwee
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diverging missiOns tactics for infa
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diverging missiOns possibili ties o
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diverging missiOns The Gatling Guns
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diverging missiOns of War William C
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diverging missiOns high-angle fire
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Table 10—Artillery Organization,
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diverging missiOns Artillery in act
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diverging missiOns Artillery in act
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diverging missiOns Although neglect
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Direct Fire Gun A Aiming Point Diag
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100 The OrganizaTiOnal hisTOry Of f
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126 THE ORGANIZATIONAL HISTORY OF F
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Table 11—Field Artillery Pieces R
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Table 12—Field Artillery Transpor
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CHAPTER 7 World War II Developments
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wOrld war ii 159 blow, and the thir
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wOrld war ii L-4 from the 29th Infa
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wOrld war ii 163 authorized six 105
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wOrld war ii Airborne troops loadin
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wOrld war ii 167 artillery battalio
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wOrld war ii Table 16—Principal A
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wOrld war ii Table 17—Nondivision
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wOrld war ii Destroyer Training Cen
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Firing 4.5-inch rockets in the Hür
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wOrld war ii 177 of division artil
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wOrld war ii 179 the for mer was pr
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wOrld war ii 15th Field Artillery O
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wOrld war ii as well, passed missio
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wOrld war ii 185 photographs), and
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wOrld war ii 187 After nearly six y
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CHAPTER 9 The Nuclear Arena The Kor
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The nUclear arena 211 time that rad
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The nUclear arena Honest John rocke
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The nUclear arena Corporal missile
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The nUclear arena 217 and firepower
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The nUclear arena 219 In light of n
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The nUclear arena 221 the missile c
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The nUclear arena Lacrosse missile
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The nUclear arena 225 cost over $10
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The nUclear arena his proposal the
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The nUclear arena Little John rocke
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The nUclear arena 231 fire it withi
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The nUclear arena 233 for rapid che
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The nUclear arena Lance missile 235
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The nUclear arena 237 By the end of
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The nUclear arena 239 In the late 1
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Table 23—Field Artillery Rockets
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CHAPTER 10 The Road to Flexible Res
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse 245 a
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Table 24—Comparison of Divisional
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse 249 p
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse Chart
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse Chart
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Chart 4—Reorganization of Regimen
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse 257 d
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse HHB C
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse reorg
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse M18 f
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse UH-1D
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CHAPTER 11 Vietnam During the 1950s
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vieTnam Table 25—Field Artillery
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vieTnam CH-54 Tarhe lifting a 155-m
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vieTnam 8-inch howitzer from Batter
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vieTnam 275 At each maneuver comman
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CH-47 Chinook transporting the M102
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vieTnam 279 ployed to Vietnam in la
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vieTnam 281 arose. A field artiller
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vieTnam ments were authorized, usin
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Table 26—Field Artillery Reductio
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Appendix A—Chiefs of Field Artill
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aPPendiX Maj. Gen. John A. Dubia 15
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