Field ArTillery - US Army Center Of Military History

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Chapter Page 9. THE NUCLEAR ARENA ..............................................................................209 Early Missile Developments ............................................................................209 Honest John Rocket ..........................................................................................212 Fielding the New Missiles ................................................................................214 From the Redstone to Satellites ........................................................................216 Command and Control .....................................................................................220 Lacrosse Missile ...............................................................................................222 Sergeant Missile ..............................................................................................226 Little John Rocket ............................................................................................228 Pershing Missile ...............................................................................................230 Lance Missile ...................................................................................................234 Pershing II Versus Cruise Missiles ..................................................................238 End of an Era ....................................................................................................240 10. THE ROAD TO FLEXIBLE RESPONSE ...................................................243 The 280-mm. Gun ............................................................................................243 Atomic Field Army ..........................................................................................245 PENTANA .......................................................................................................248 Division Artillery .............................................................................................249 Combat Arms Regimental System ...................................................................254 Reorganization Objective Army Divisions ......................................................257 Materiel Developments ....................................................................................261 Airmobility .......................................................................................................264 11. VIETNAM .......................................................................................................267 Artillery Buildup ..............................................................................................267 Adapting to the Environment ...........................................................................270 Redeployment ...................................................................................................283 12. MODERNIZATION EFFORTS....................................................................285 Materiel ............................................................................................................285 Force Structure .................................................................................................291 Army 86 and AirLand Battle ............................................................................300 13. TOWARD A NEW CENTURY .....................................................................311 Operation De s e r t st o r m ..................................................................................311 Reorganizing the Force ....................................................................................316 Return to Iraq ....................................................................................................319 In Retrospect .....................................................................................................322 APPENDIX A—Chiefs of Field Artillery ...........................................................325 APPENDIX B—Field Artillery School Commandants .....................................326 BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................................329 xiv
Chapter xv Page ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMNS ..........................................................361 INDEX ....................................................................................................................365 Tables 1. Artillery Organization, 1775–1780 .......................................................................5 2. Artillery Organization, 1784–1792 .....................................................................21 3. Artillery Organization, 1794–1815 .....................................................................28 4. Artillery Organization, 1821–1848 .....................................................................33 5. Artillery Materiel Specified by the Ordnance Board, 1849 ................................38 6. Standard Field Pieces Used During the Civil War ..............................................52 7. Artillery Organization, 1861–1865 .....................................................................57 8. Artillery Organization, Army of the Potomac, May 1864 ..................................68 9. Artillery Organization, Army of the Potomac, March 1865 ...............................70 10. Artillery Organization, 1898–1901 .....................................................................87 11. Field Artillery Pieces Recommended by the Westervelt Board, 1919 .............130 12. Field Artillery Transport Recommended by the Westervelt Board, 1919 ........132 13. Aggregate Authorized Strength, Infantry Division Artillery, 1940–1945 ........160 14. Principal Artillery Equipment, Infantry Division, 1940–1945 .........................162 15. Aggregate Authorized Strength, Armored Division Artillery, 1940–1945 ......168 16. Principal Artillery Equipment, Armored Division, 1940–1945 ........................169 17. Nondivisional Cannon Battalion Organization, 1944 .......................................171 18. Third Army Field Artillery Organization, 1 October 1942 ...............................178 19. Third Army Field Artillery Organization, 10 November 1943 .........................178 20. Regular Army Field Artillery Units, July 1950 ................................................196 21. Field Artillery Units in Korea, June 1953 .........................................................201 22. Field Artillery Missions in the Korean War .....................................................205 23. Field Artillery Rockets and Missiles, 1954–1992 .............................................241 24. Comparison of Divisional Field Artillery, 1954–1965 .....................................247 25. Field Artillery Units in Vietnam, 1965–1971 ...................................................269 26. Field Artillery Reductions, 1989–1999 .............................................................318 Illustrations Civil War flag ........................................................................................... Frontispiece Major General Henry Knox ........................................................................................6 The Noble Train of Artillery .......................................................................................7 Merry Christmas 1776 ..............................................................................................14 General Washington Firing the First Gun at the British Works ..............................16 General Josiah Harmar ............................................................................................19 Major George Peter ...................................................................................................26 Battle of New Orleans ...............................................................................................30 Fortress Monroe, Old Point Comfort, & Hygeia Hotel ............................................35
Page 1: The Organizational History of Field
Page 4 and 5: Civil War Flag (nonregulation), wit
Page 6 and 7: Library of Congress Cataloging-in-P
Page 9: FOREWORD The Organizational History
Page 12 and 13: used to defend fixed positions. Thi
Page 15: CONTENTS Chapter Page 1. THE BEGINN
Page 19 and 20: Chapter xvii Page Sound-ranging equ
Page 21: Field Artillery 1775-2003
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46 The OrganizaTiOnal hisTOry Of fi
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Table 6—Standard Field Pieces Use
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Table 8—Artillery Organization, A
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Table 9—Artillery Organization, A
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CHAPTER 4 Diverging Missions Betwee
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diverging missiOns tactics for infa
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diverging missiOns possibili ties o
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diverging missiOns The Gatling Guns
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diverging missiOns of War William C
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diverging missiOns high-angle fire
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Table 10—Artillery Organization,
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diverging missiOns Artillery in act
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diverging missiOns Artillery in act
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diverging missiOns Although neglect
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Direct Fire Gun A Aiming Point Diag
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100 The OrganizaTiOnal hisTOry Of f
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126 THE ORGANIZATIONAL HISTORY OF F
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Table 11—Field Artillery Pieces R
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Table 12—Field Artillery Transpor
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CHAPTER 7 World War II Developments
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wOrld war ii 159 blow, and the thir
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wOrld war ii L-4 from the 29th Infa
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wOrld war ii 163 authorized six 105
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wOrld war ii Airborne troops loadin
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wOrld war ii 167 artillery battalio
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wOrld war ii Table 16—Principal A
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wOrld war ii Table 17—Nondivision
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wOrld war ii Destroyer Training Cen
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Firing 4.5-inch rockets in the Hür
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wOrld war ii 177 of division artil
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wOrld war ii 179 the for mer was pr
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wOrld war ii 15th Field Artillery O
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wOrld war ii as well, passed missio
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wOrld war ii 185 photographs), and
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wOrld war ii 187 After nearly six y
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CHAPTER 9 The Nuclear Arena The Kor
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The nUclear arena 211 time that rad
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The nUclear arena Honest John rocke
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The nUclear arena Corporal missile
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The nUclear arena 217 and firepower
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The nUclear arena 219 In light of n
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The nUclear arena 221 the missile c
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The nUclear arena Lacrosse missile
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The nUclear arena 225 cost over $10
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The nUclear arena his proposal the
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The nUclear arena Little John rocke
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The nUclear arena 231 fire it withi
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The nUclear arena 233 for rapid che
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The nUclear arena Lance missile 235
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The nUclear arena 237 By the end of
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The nUclear arena 239 In the late 1
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Table 23—Field Artillery Rockets
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CHAPTER 10 The Road to Flexible Res
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse 245 a
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Table 24—Comparison of Divisional
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse 249 p
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse Chart
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse Chart
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Chart 4—Reorganization of Regimen
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse 257 d
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse HHB C
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse reorg
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse M18 f
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The rOad TO fleXiBle resPOnse UH-1D
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CHAPTER 11 Vietnam During the 1950s
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vieTnam Table 25—Field Artillery
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vieTnam CH-54 Tarhe lifting a 155-m
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vieTnam 8-inch howitzer from Batter
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vieTnam 275 At each maneuver comman
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CH-47 Chinook transporting the M102
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vieTnam 279 ployed to Vietnam in la
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vieTnam 281 arose. A field artiller
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vieTnam ments were authorized, usin
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Table 26—Field Artillery Reductio
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Appendix A—Chiefs of Field Artill
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aPPendiX Maj. Gen. John A. Dubia 15
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