Field ArTillery - US Army Center Of Military History

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254 The OrganizaTiOnal hisTOry Of field arTillery to be activated included one artillery battalion in support of two infantry battle groups. The artillery battalion of one brigade was organized under the same tables as the 105-mm. howitzer battalion in the infantry division, but with two instead of five firing batteries, while the artillery battalion in the other brigade was organized as a composite unit with two 105-mm. howitzer batteries, one 155-mm. howitzer battery, and one Honest John battery. Three separate brigades were also organized in the Army National Guard. 21 Combat Arms Regimental System In conjunction with the reorganization of the divisions under the pentomic structure and with the collateral demise of the infantry regiment, Secretary of the Army Wilber M. Brucker on 24 January 1957 approved the new Combat Arms Regimental System (CARS), developed by the Army staff to maintain the continuity of distinguished combat units without restricting the organizational trends of the future. Before CARS, the ebb and flow of warfare directly affected the size and number of military formations. Whenever the United States entered periods of military retrenchment, units were invariably broken up, reorganized, consolidated, or disbanded; conversely, during periods of mobilization new units were created, often in large numbers. Furthermore, changes in weapons and techniques of warfare also produced new types of organizations to replace old ones. As a result, soldiers frequently served in units with little or no history, while organizations with long combat records remained inactive. CARS was created and adopted to alle viate some of these problems. 22 Influenced by the British, the Army selected parent regiments as vehicles for perpetuating lineage and honors, even though the regiment itself was no longer a tactical unit (with the exception of the armored cavalry regiment). Field, antiaircraft, missile, and coast artillery units were combined into a single branch of seventy-five artillery regi ments. Each regiment provided a base for a varying number of tactical elements, usually bat talions or batteries. The number and size varied according to evolving force require ments. Each new regimental organization traced its heri tage to an element of the regiment as it had existed prior to World War II. When the new unit was a bat talion, its head quarters descended from one of the old batteries, and its organic elements were constituted as new units (Charts 4 and 5). Elements of the same parent regiment were assigned to 21 Ltr AGAO–O (M) 322 (11 Jun 58), DCSPER, 8 Jul 1958, sub: Change in Status of the 1st Infantry Brigade and Other Units, copy in 2d Bn, 10th FA, fldr, CMH files; Ltr AGAO–O (M) 322 (5 Feb 58), DCSPER, 12 Feb 1958, sub: Organization of the 2d Infantry Brigade, copy in 1st Bn, 76th FA, fldr, CMH files. In 1959 the 29th, 92d, and 258th Infantry Brigades were organized, respectively, in Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Arizona. 22 CARS section based on AR 870–5, 22 Jan 1977; AR 672–5–1, 3 Jun 1974; AR 840–10, 23 Aug 1962; DA Cir 220–1, Oct 1960; DA Pam 220–1, Jun 1957; Janice E. McKenney, “Artillery Branches Out,” Soldiers, December 1971, pp. 14–15; “The Combat Arms Regimental System: Questions and Answers” (Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, United States Army, 1978); and documents in Artillery CARS Reorganization fldr, CMH files.
Chart 4—Reorganization of Regimental Elements Under CARS SVC BTRY C TNG 2d BN C TNG 1st BN HHB 2d BN HHB 1st BN A B C D E F HQ BTRY HQ Pre-WW II Divisional REGT 2 2 2 2 2 HHB HHB HHB HHB HHB 8th BN 9th BN 10th BN 11th BN 12th BN A B C HQ BTRY HQ WW II FA BN HHB 6th BN BTRY E BTRY D HHB 3d BN HHB 2d BN HHB 1st BN 2 HQ HHB 7th BN 1 CARS A A A 3 A B B B 3 B C Under DA control. To be activated as needed. Constituted as new units. 1 2 C C C 3 3
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The Organizational History of Field
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Civil War Flag (nonregulation), wit
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-P
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FOREWORD The Organizational History
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used to defend fixed positions. Thi
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CONTENTS Chapter Page 1. THE BEGINN
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Chapter xv Page ABBREVIATIONS AND A
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Chapter xvii Page Sound-ranging equ
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Field Artillery 1775-2003
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4 The OrganizaTiOnal hisTOry Of fie
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10 The OrganizaTiOnal hisTOry Of fi
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Regimental Staff Table 3—Artiller
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Battle of Palo Alto by Klauprecht &
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Table 6—Standard Field Pieces Use
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Table 8—Artillery Organization, A
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Table 9—Artillery Organization, A
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CHAPTER 4 Diverging Missions Betwee
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diverging missiOns tactics for infa
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diverging missiOns possibili ties o
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diverging missiOns The Gatling Guns
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diverging missiOns of War William C
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diverging missiOns high-angle fire
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Table 10—Artillery Organization,
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diverging missiOns Artillery in act
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diverging missiOns Artillery in act
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diverging missiOns Although neglect
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Direct Fire Gun A Aiming Point Diag
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100 The OrganizaTiOnal hisTOry Of f
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126 THE ORGANIZATIONAL HISTORY OF F
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Table 11—Field Artillery Pieces R
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Table 12—Field Artillery Transpor
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CHAPTER 7 World War II Developments
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wOrld war ii 159 blow, and the thir
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wOrld war ii L-4 from the 29th Infa
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wOrld war ii 163 authorized six 105
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wOrld war ii Airborne troops loadin
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wOrld war ii 167 artillery battalio
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wOrld war ii Table 16—Principal A
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wOrld war ii Table 17—Nondivision
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wOrld war ii Destroyer Training Cen
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Firing 4.5-inch rockets in the Hür
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wOrld war ii 177 of division artil
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wOrld war ii 179 the for mer was pr
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wOrld war ii 15th Field Artillery O
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wOrld war ii as well, passed missio
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wOrld war ii 185 photographs), and
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wOrld war ii 187 After nearly six y
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Page 287 and 288: CHAPTER 11 Vietnam During the 1950s
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Table 26—Field Artillery Reductio
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Appendix A—Chiefs of Field Artill
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aPPendiX Maj. Gen. John A. Dubia 15
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Field ArTillery - US Army Center Of Military History

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