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GROWING RICH WITH GROWTH STOCKS<br />
shareholders he felt the market would trade in the 3,000 to 5,000<br />
range through the rest of the decade. “Clearly, I was wrong,” he now<br />
concedes. “I based that prediction on the facts, though. The average<br />
price-earnings multiple for stocks in the Standard & Poor’s 500 over<br />
the last 50 years is around 15 times earnings. As we speak, that<br />
number is above 20. This worries me. I think we’ll revert to the mean<br />
at some point. But I must admit I’ve never seen financial conditions<br />
quite as favorable as they are right now. We have low interest rates,<br />
low inflation curves, high productivity, and a real focus on the bottom<br />
line. American <strong>com</strong>panies are more <strong>com</strong>petitive than ever, and they<br />
have an entire world to go out and conquer. The sun is shining, and<br />
it’s a blue-sky day. I’m just saying that eventually we will have some<br />
clouds.”<br />
While investors overall seem to be exuberant, despite the severe<br />
market correction in mid-1998, Davis is a little scared that many fail<br />
to realize the risks you face when buying equities. “Investors today<br />
don’t know what a serious bear market is,” he contends. “What<br />
happened in 1973-1974 was a real nightmare. When you buy a stock<br />
at 12 times earnings and the earnings do OK, yet the stock goes down<br />
to 9 times earnings, you’ve lost 33 percent of your money. That’s<br />
what happens in a full-fledged bear. We’re in a wonderful environment<br />
right now. I’m not knocking it. But I’m nervous. I think the market<br />
has been relatively well-behaved, considering how high it is.”<br />
ON BECOMING A GSP<br />
Unlike many of today’s most successful mutual fund managers,<br />
Davis and his sons are not CFAs, or certified financial analysts. This<br />
designation is awarded by the Institute of Chartered Financial Analysts<br />
to those who have passed a series of three rigorous, numbers-based<br />
exams on securities analysis. When he was at the Bank of New York,<br />
Davis actually taught refresher courses for the CFA and took two of<br />
the three exams required for the certificate. But he lost interest when<br />
he started his own firm. “I said to myself in 1969 that I’d rather be<br />
known as a GSP than a CFA, and that’s a ‘good stock picker,’” he<br />
maintains. “I told my kids the same thing. Some books and professors<br />
try to make this business so <strong>com</strong>plicated. What we’re doing is about<br />
as old-fashioned and un<strong>com</strong>plicated as it gets. You just need to understand<br />
what makes <strong>com</strong>panies run, and that’s people. Find good<br />
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