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KIRK KAZANJIAN<br />
return businesses and are being run under a new form of management<br />
called EVA, which stands for Economic Value Added. Under EVA,<br />
you try to raise returns on capital and equity. This concept is sweeping<br />
around the world, along with shareholder capitalism. Furthermore,<br />
<strong>com</strong>panies are trying to grow business and the bottom line without<br />
raising prices. America has be<strong>com</strong>e leaner and more efficient, and<br />
that’s a huge plus for stockholders. And Japan, which used to be our<br />
major <strong>com</strong>petitor, is now much weaker and not nearly as influential.”<br />
As a result, Davis also looks to fill his portfolios with <strong>com</strong>panies<br />
boasting successful international operations. He believes corporations<br />
that expand overseas reduce the risk of being tied too closely to our<br />
economic and business cycles in the United States. He is further<br />
convinced that such <strong>com</strong>panies merit higher valuations in the market.<br />
“They deserve a premium, especially the bigger <strong>com</strong>panies, because<br />
they have staying power <strong>com</strong>bined with global opportunities that<br />
didn’t exist in the early 1970s,” he insists. “Capitalism and free enterprise<br />
have won out over socialism. Just look at Procter & Gamble. It<br />
might have been a mature <strong>com</strong>pany if it were selling just to Western<br />
Europe and the United States. But now it can move into Eastern<br />
Europe, Russia, China, and South America. That’s also true of Coke,<br />
McDonald’s, Colgate, and a bunch of other consumer products <strong>com</strong>panies.<br />
It further applies to Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Intel, and many<br />
more technology <strong>com</strong>panies.”<br />
THE ONE EXCEPTION TO THE “BUY-AMERICAN”<br />
RULE<br />
There is one exception to Papp’s America-only rule. He’ll buy a<br />
stock directly overseas if he can’t legally exploit the opportunity some<br />
other way in the United States. “Let’s say you were convinced diamonds<br />
were going through the roof,” he offers. “You’d buy DeBeers<br />
in South Africa because that’s the only real option you have. It’s not<br />
an American <strong>com</strong>pany, so you must purchase it abroad. Overall, there<br />
are very few occasions where you get a benefit from buying into a<br />
developed market abroad. In most instances, you can find a pretty<br />
darn good substitute in the United States that’s going to perform<br />
better for you over a long period of time. You’re not going to find<br />
the French, German, or Japanese economy growing a lot faster than<br />
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