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Observational epidemiological surveys (WG 3) page 8
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oesophagus NM convincing
stomach NM convincing
rectum NM inconsistent
pancreas NM insufficient
breast NM insufficient
endometrium NM insufficient
cervix NM insufficient
prostate insufficient insufficient
NM: not mentioned
1-1-2 Other fruit and vegetables (Table 2)
We report below the summary of the three reference books with regard to « fruit and
vegetables » because tomatoes are most often included in this foods group.
Comments on table 2
The level of agreement among the reference books was generally good:
perfect(3/3 or 2/2) : • For oesophagus and pancreas cancers for which a high intake of fruit
and vegetables is recommended. For cervix and bladder cancers, results are also consistent
but the data are limited.
moderate (2/3): • For the tobacco-related cancers, mouth and pharynx, larynx, lung
and respiratory tract, the disagreement comes from COMA. The members of this group
noted that the alteration of the diet might be tobacco-induced, and hence, that tobacco could
be the only cause for these cancers.
• For stomach cancers the disagreement comes from COMA, because
only half of the cohort showed a decreased risk which was due to a potential confounding
factor: helicobacter pylori.