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Mechanisms and Biomarkers (WG 4) page 47
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act as antioxidants, with regard to hydroxyl radicals. The resulting flavonoid radical may then
be regenerated by its interaction with either ascorbate or urate. This activity may also be
extended to the regeneration of tocopheryl radicals. The overall activity of the flavonoids in
this study was to preserve carotenoids and vitamin E levels. This would be beneficial in the
case of LDL oxidation, and the onset of atherosclerosis.
Other components
Folate - Folate acts as methyl donor and also prevents hypomethylation which is an early step
in the colon carcinogenesis (Mouzas, 1998). Folate deficiency has been asssociated with a
variety of human malignancies including colon cancer. In a recent study, 24 chronic ulcerative
colitis patients were adminstered folate or a placebo. After three months of therapy the
patients receiving folate demonstrated a reduction in proliferative changes whereas no change
was observed in the placebo group. This finding suggests that folate supplementation may
contribute to the regulation of rectal cell proliferation.
Olive oil is an important feature of the mediterannean diet. It has been recently shown that
two phenolic components of olive oil have the ability to scavenge high concentations of HOCl
(Visioli 1998). Along with flavonoids the presence of polyphenols may act as antioxidants
and thus supplement those that are derived from the tomato.