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T H E N A T U R A L W A T E R C Y C L E / 9 5Discharge of Selected Rivers in the World: Mean Monthly and Extreme Discharges(1980–1984). Vol. III. Paris, United Nations Educational, Scientific and CulturalOrganization/International Hydrological Programme.UNESCO/IHP (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization/InternationalHydrological Programme). 2001. Balance hídrico superficial de América latina y elCaribe. Montevideo.———. 1996. Mapa hidrogeológico de Sud America. Montevideo.Van Lanen H.-A.-J. and Demuth, S. 2002. FRIEND 2002 – Regional Hydrology: Bridgingthe Gap between Research and Practice. Wallingford, International Association ofHydrological Sciences, Pub. No. 274.Vörösmarty, C.-J.; Meybeck, M.; Fekete, B.; Sharma, K. 1997. ‘The Potential Impact ofNeo-Catorisation on Sediment Transport by the Global Network of Rivers’. In: D.-EWalling and J.-L. Probst (eds.), Human Impact on Erosion and Sedimentation.Wallingford, International Association of Hydrological Sciences, Pub. No. 245.Vrba, J. and Zaporozec, A. 1994. Guidebook on Mapping Groundwater Vulnerability.International Contributions to Hydrogeology. Wallingford, International Associationof Hydrological Sciences.Wallace, J. 1996. ‘Hydrological Processes’. In: Institute of Hydrology Annual Report1994–95. Wallingford, International Association of Hydrological Sciences.Walling, D.-E. and Webb, B.-W. 1996. ‘Erosion and Sediment Yield: A Global View’. In: D.-E. Walling and B.-W. Webb (eds.), Erosion and Sediment Yield: Global and RegionalPerspectives. Wallingford, International Association of Hydrological Sciences, Pub.No. 236.WHO (World Health Organization). 1991. GEMS/Water 1990–2000. The ChallengeAhead. UNEP/WHO/UNESCO/WMO Programme on Global Water Quality Monitoringand Assessment. Geneva.WHO/UNEP (World Health Organization/United Nations Environment Programme). 1991.Water Quality: Progress in the Implementation of the Mar del Plata Action Planand a Strategy for the 1990s. Nairobi, Earthwatch Global Environment MonitoringSystem, World Health Organization, United Nations Environment Programme.WMO (World Meteorological Organization). 1995. ‘Infohydro Manual’. OperationalHydrology Report, No. 28. Geneva.———. 1994. Guide to Hydrological Practices. Fifth edition. Geneva.WMO/UNESCO (World Meteorological Organization/United Nations Educational, Scientificand Cultural Organization). 1997. Water Resources Assessment: Handbook forReview of National Capabilities.WCD (World Commission on Dams). 2000. Dams and Development: A New Frameworkfor Decision-Making. London, Earthscan Publications Ltd.Wright, J.-F.; Sutcliffe, D.-W.; Furse, M.-T. (eds.). 1997. Assessing the Biological Qualityof Fresh Waters. Proceedings of the International Workshop. Ambleside, Cumbria,Freshwater Biological Association.Young, G.-J.; Dooge, J.-C.-I.; Rodda, J.-C. 1994. Global Water Resource Issues.Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.Zektser, I. 1999. World Map of Hydrogeological Conditions and Groundwater Flow.Paris, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.Zektser, I. and Margat, J. Forthcoming. Groundwater Resources of the World and TheirUse. Paris, United Nations Educational, Scientific and CulturalOrganization/International Hydrological Programme Monograph.Some Useful Web Sites 3Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC)http://www.dwd.de/research/gpcc/Global precipitation analyses for investigation of the earth’s climate.United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO): International Hydrological Programme (IHP)http://www.unesco.org/water/ihp/UNESCO intergovernmental scientific programme in water resources.United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP): Freshwater Portalhttp://freshwater.unep.netInformation on key issues of the water situation.United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP): Global Environment Monitoring System (GEMS/WATER)http://www.cciw.ca/gems/gems-e.htmlA multifaceted water science programme oriented towards understanding freshwater quality issues throughout the world. Major activitiesinclude monitoring, assessment and capacity-building.3. These sites were last accessed on 19 December 2002.
9 6 / A L O O K A T T H E W O R L D ’ S F R E S H W A T E R R E S O U R C E SThe Natural Water CycleWorld Meteorological Organization (WMO): Global Runoff Data Centre (GRDC)http://www.bafg.de/grdc.htmCollection and dissemination of river discharge data on a global scale.World Meteorological Organization (WMO): Hydrology and Water resources Programmehttp://www.wmo.ch/web/homs/Collection and analysis of hydrological data as a basis for assessing and managing freshwater resources.World Meteorological Organization (WMO): World Climate research Programme (WCRP)http://www.wmo.ch/web/wcrp/wcrp-home.htmlStudies of the global atmosphere, oceans, sea and land ice, and the land surface which together constitute the earth’s physical climate system.World Meteorological Organization (WMO): World Hydrological Observing System (WHYCOS)http://www.wmo.ch/web/homs/projects/whycos.htmlGlobal network of national hydrological observatories.World Water Assessment Programme / United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(WWAP/UNESCO): Water Portalhttp://www.unesco.org/water/A new initiative for accessing and sharing water data and information from all over the world.
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A joint report by thetwenty three U
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F I G U R E S / V9.1: Competing wat
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X X/ P R E L I M I N A R YPrologueP
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iWater is an essential element of d
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8 BoxTable of contents8.1: The righ
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G O V E R N I N G W A T E R W I S E
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14 HolisticTable of contentsThinkin
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E N S U R I N G T H E K N O W L E D
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16Table of contentsGeneral Context
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C H A O P H R A Y A R I V E R B A S
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L A K E P E I P S I / C H U D S K O
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18 GeneralRuhuna Basins,Sri LankaTa
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R U H U N A B A S I N S , S R I L A
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S E I N E - N O R M A N D Y B A S I
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21Lake Titicaca Basin,Bolivia and P
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L A K E T I T I C A C A B A S I N ,
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G R E A T E R T O KY O , J A P A N
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viNo intro text supplied for part V
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5 0 2 / F I T T I N G T H E P I E C
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The World’s Water Crisis: Fitting
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5 3 6 / A N N E X E SAnnexesAcronym
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538 / A N N E X E SAcronymsSAGEs:Lo
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5 4 0 / A N N E X E SSome Other Glo
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5 4 2 / A N N E X E SSome Other Glo
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544 / A N N E X E SIndexwater avail
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546 / A N N E X E SIndexagriculture
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548 / A N N E X E SIndexCongo, Repu
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550 / A N N E X E SIndexnational re
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554 / A N N E X E SIndexsustainabil
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556 / A N N E X E SIndexwater quali
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558 / A N N E X E SIndexJohannesbur
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560 / A N N E X E SIndexMMacao, eff
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562 / A N N E X E SIndexland area 7
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564 / A N N E X E SIndexwater avail
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566 / A N N E X E SIndexin rivers 8
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568 / A N N E X E SIndexsolid waste
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570 / A N N E X E SIndexconflicts a
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572 / A N N E X E SIndexprogress to
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574 / A N N E X E SIndexwetlandsCon
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5 7 6 / A N N E X E SCreditsPhotogr
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