Water for people.pdf - WHO Thailand Digital Repository

L A K E P E I P S I / C H U D S K O E - P S K O V S K O E , E S T O N I A A N D T H E R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N / 4 0 9Figure 17.4: Ratio of phosphorus pollution load by country and sourceFigure 17.5: Ratio of nitrogen pollution load by country and sourcePercentage1009080706050403020100AgricultureThe Russian FederationEstoniaOther diffusesourcesPointsourcesPercentage1009080706050403020100AgricultureThe Russian FederationEstoniaOther diffusesourcesPointsourcesThe Russian Federation is the main source of agricultural phosphorus and nitrogen pollution, contributing 80 and 70 percent respectively. It is also the major emitter of otherpoint-source pollution. Estonia, however, emits much more phosphorus and nitrogen from diffuse sources, with 60 percent of the total loads.Source: Stålnacke et al., 2001.Figure 17.6: Comparison of annual phosphorus loads by source between1989 and 1998Figure 17.7: Comparison of annual nitrogen loads by source between 1989and 1998Phosphorus load (in tons/year)8007006005004003002001001985-891995-98Nitrogen load (in tons/year)50,00040,00030,00020,00010,0001985-891995-9800WastewaterPrecipitation onlake surfaceAgricultureOther diffusesourcesWastewaterPrecipitation onlake surfaceAgricultureOther diffusesourcesThere has been a significant decrease in the amount of phosphorus pollutioncontributed by wastewater and agriculture between 1989 and 1998, but thatcontributed by other diffuse sources has almost doubled in the same period.Source: Stålnacke et al., 2001.The nitrogen load from agriculture has decreased dramatically. The load from otherdiffuse sources has, however, nearly tripled and is set to reach the same load asthat of agricultural pollution.Source: Stålnacke et al., 2001.